Verma D K, Julian J A, Bebee G, Cheng W K, Holborn K, Shaw L
Occupational Health Laboratory, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1992 Oct;53(10):645-56. doi: 10.1080/15298669291360292.
Occupational exposures to the 55 hydrocarbon components of gasoline and petroleum products were measured at the bulk terminals and agencies of six Ontario petroleum companies during the summer of 1986. A total of 82 long-term (full-shift) and 111 short-term personal samples were taken over 3 months. The data, expressed as concentrations in milligrams per cubic meter, were highly variable and appeared to fit the lognormal distribution well. Full-shift exposures of bulk terminal drivers, agency drivers, and plantmen to total hydrocarbons (THC), computed as an n-hexane equivalent, and other hydrocarbon components for which exposure limits exist can be expected to exceed their respective 1986-1987 threshold limit value-time-weighted average (TLV-TWA) no greater than 1% of the time on the basis of the lognormal model. The short-term THC exposures of agency truck drivers can be expected to exceed the 1986-1987 TLV-short-term exposure limits about 7% of the time while top-loading and more than 17% while off-loading. For benzene, the short-term exceedance percentages are 1% and 4% for top- and off-loading operations, respectively. For long-term benzene exposures, up to 69% of the assessments can be expected to exceed the 1990-1991 proposed TLV-TWA of 0.3 mg/m3 (0.1 ppm). The full-shift hydrocarbon exposures of agency drivers were significantly higher than those for bulk terminal drivers. At the bulk terminals, the short-term hydrocarbon exposures during top-loading were significantly higher than during bottom-loading.
1986年夏天，在安大略省六家石油公司的散装码头和经销处，对汽油和石油产品的55种碳氢化合物成分的职业暴露情况进行了测量。在3个月的时间里，共采集了82份长期（全班次）和111份短期个人样本。数据以每立方米毫克浓度表示，变化很大，且似乎很符合对数正态分布。根据对数正态模型，散装码头司机、经销处司机和工厂工人全班次对总碳氢化合物（以正己烷当量计算）以及存在接触限值的其他碳氢化合物成分的暴露，预计超过其各自1986 - 1987年阈限值 - 时间加权平均值（TLV - TWA）的时间不超过1%。经销处卡车司机的短期总碳氢化合物暴露预计在顶部装货时约7%的时间、卸货时超过17%的时间会超过1986 - 1987年TLV - 短期暴露限值。对于苯，顶部装货和卸货操作时短期超标百分比分别为1%和4%。对于长期苯暴露，预计高达69%的评估会超过1990 - 1991年提议的TLV - TWA 0.3毫克/立方米（0.1 ppm）。经销处司机的全班次碳氢化合物暴露显著高于散装码头司机。在散装码头，顶部装货时的短期碳氢化合物暴露显著高于底部装货时。
