Garbarino S, De Carli F, Mascialino B, Beelke M, Nobili L, Squarcia S, Penco M A, Ferrillo F
Center of Neurology and Medical Psychology, Health Service of the State Police, Department of the Interior, Center of Sleep Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.
J Hum Ergol (Tokyo). 2001 Dec;30(1-2):211-6.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of shiftwork on sleepiness, sleep disorders and sleep related accidents in a population of policemen. Data concerning age and physical characteristics, working conditions, sleep problems and accidents were collected by a questionnaire. Sleepiness was evaluated by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) while the presence of sleep disorders was evaluated by a score (SD-score) drawn from indicators of insomnia, breathing disorders, periodic limb movements-restless leg syndrome and hypersomnia. The effects of age, gender, body mass index, working condition and seniority on ESS, SD-score and accidents were analysed by linear and logistic regression. Participants were 1280 policemen: 611 shiftworkers and 669 non-shiftworkers. The ESS scores were not higher in shiftworkers than in non-shiftworkers, but the SD-score was found to be significantly influenced by shiftwork condition and seniority. The occurrence of sleep-related accidents was found to have been significantly increased for shiftworkers and related to the presence of indicators of sleep disorders. The sleepiness could be underestimated or even overcome by the influence of stressing conditions. However our data should alert occupational health physicians for the diagnosis and prevention of possible lurking intrinsic sleep disorders likely to influence health problems and risk of accidents in shiftworkers.
本研究旨在评估轮班工作对警察群体的嗜睡、睡眠障碍及与睡眠相关事故的影响。通过问卷调查收集了有关年龄、身体特征、工作条件、睡眠问题及事故的数据。采用爱泼华嗜睡量表（ESS）评估嗜睡情况，而睡眠障碍的存在则通过从失眠、呼吸障碍、周期性肢体运动 - 不宁腿综合征及嗜睡症指标得出的分数（SD分数）进行评估。通过线性和逻辑回归分析年龄、性别、体重指数、工作条件及工龄对ESS、SD分数和事故的影响。参与者为1280名警察：611名轮班工作者和669名非轮班工作者。轮班工作者的ESS分数并不高于非轮班工作者，但发现SD分数受轮班工作条件和工龄的显著影响。轮班工作者与睡眠相关事故的发生率显著增加，且与睡眠障碍指标的存在有关。压力状况的影响可能会低估甚至克服嗜睡情况。然而，我们的数据应提醒职业健康医生对可能潜藏的内在睡眠障碍进行诊断和预防，这些障碍可能会影响轮班工作者的健康问题和事故风险。
