Hornsey Matthew J, Majkut Louise, Terry Deborah J, McKimmie Blake M
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Australia.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2003 Sep;42(Pt 3):319-35. doi: 10.1348/014466603322438189.
Most experiments on conformity have been conducted in relation to judgments of physical reality; surprisingly few papers have experimentally examined the influence of group norms on social issues with a moral component. In response to this, participants were told that they were either in a minority or in a majority relative to their university group in terms of their attitudes toward recognition of gay couples in law (Expt 1: N = 205) and a government apology to Aborigines (Expt 2: N = 110). In both experiments, it was found that participants who had a weak moral basis for their attitude conformed to the group norm on private behaviours. In contrast, those who had a strong moral basis for their attitude showed non-conformity on private behaviours and counter-conformity on public behaviours. Incidences of non-conformity and counter-conformity are discussed with reference to theory and research on normative influence.
大多数关于从众的实验都是针对对物理现实的判断进行的；令人惊讶的是，很少有论文通过实验研究群体规范对具有道德成分的社会问题的影响。针对这一点，参与者被告知，就他们对法律承认同性伴侣的态度（实验1：N = 205）以及政府向原住民道歉的态度（实验2：N = 110）而言，相对于他们所在的大学群体，他们要么属于少数派，要么属于多数派。在这两个实验中，研究发现，那些态度缺乏坚实道德基础的参与者在私人行为上遵循群体规范。相比之下，那些态度有坚实道德基础的参与者在私人行为上表现出不从众，在公共行为上表现出反从众。将结合关于规范性影响的理论和研究来讨论不从众和反从众的发生率。
