Váradi Luca, Szilasi Blanka, Kende Anna, Braverman Jeremy, Simonovits Gábor, Simonovits Bori
Nationalism Studies Program, Central European University, Vienna, Austria.
Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Sociol. 2023 Jul 18;8:1223205. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2023.1223205. eCollection 2023.
The aim of our study is to assess the drivers of discriminatory behaviors of real-estate agents and private landlords toward prospective Roma tenants, relying on qualitative data from Hungary. Though there is a broad literature on the forms and frequency of discrimination, we know much less about the question of . Previous research suggests that discrimination on the basis of ethnicity is widespread in Hungary. To understand the drivers of discrimination, we analyzed: (a) the sources and justifications of discrimination of Roma people on the rental housing market among real-estate agents and private landlords, the actors making decisions about tenants (b) mapped the social embeddedness of discrimination, and (c) assessed the resilience of discriminatory intentions by analyzing the reactions to a 3-min advocacy video showing discrimination of Roma people on the rental housing market. We conducted and analyzed five online group discussions with 18 real estate agents and landlords advertising properties for rent in different regions of the country. Our qualitative study revealed that discrimination of Roma people is understood to be a widespread and socially acceptable practice driven by the need to avoid risks attributed to Roma tenants based on widely held stereotypes about them. We identified certain specificities in the justification and argumentation strategies of real-estate agents in comparison to private landlords. By providing counter-information presenting the perspective of Roma tenants, negative views could be challenged on the emotional level and also by shifting the group dynamics, strengthening the viewpoint of those without prejudice. We discuss our findings with regards to the possibilities of interventions against discrimination in societies in which neither social norms nor state institutions expect the equal treatment of the members of ethnic minority groups.
我们研究的目的是依据来自匈牙利的定性数据，评估房地产中介和私人房东对潜在罗姆族租户的歧视行为驱动因素。尽管关于歧视的形式和频率有大量文献，但我们对歧视问题的了解要少得多。先前的研究表明，基于种族的歧视在匈牙利很普遍。为了理解歧视的驱动因素，我们分析了：(a) 房地产中介和私人房东在租赁住房市场上对罗姆族的歧视来源和理由，这些人是决定租户的行为主体；(b) 描绘了歧视的社会嵌入性；(c) 通过分析对一段3分钟宣传视频的反应来评估歧视意图的韧性，该视频展示了租赁住房市场上对罗姆族的歧视。我们与18名在该国不同地区刊登出租房产广告的房地产中介和房东进行并分析了五次在线小组讨论。我们的定性研究表明，对罗姆族的歧视被认为是一种普遍且社会可接受的做法，其驱动因素是基于对他们广泛持有的刻板印象而产生的避免与罗姆族租户相关风险的需求。与私人房东相比，我们确定了房地产中介在理由和论证策略方面的某些特殊性。通过提供呈现罗姆族租户观点的反信息，可以在情感层面以及通过改变群体动态来挑战负面观点，强化无偏见者的观点。我们结合在既没有社会规范也没有国家机构期望对少数族裔群体成员平等对待的社会中针对歧视进行干预的可能性来讨论我们的研究结果。
