XAD4与地表水及相关饮用水样本的蓝色人造丝提取物的致突变活性比较。

Comparison of the mutagenic activity of XAD4 and blue rayon extracts of surface water and related drinking water samples.

作者信息

Kummrow Fábio, Rech Celia M, Coimbrão Carlos A, Roubicek Deborah A, Umbuzeiro Gisela de A

机构信息

Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo, R. Professor Lineu Prestes, 580 Bl. 13-B, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil.

出版信息

Mutat Res. 2003 Nov 10;541(1-2):103-13. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.07.011.

DOI:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.07.011

PMID:14568299

Abstract

The combination of mutagenicity tests and selective extraction methodologies can be useful to indicate the possible classes of genotoxic organic contaminants in water samples. Treated and source water samples from two sites were analyzed: a river under the influence of an azo dye-processing plant discharge and a reservoir not directly impacted with industrial discharges, but contaminated with untreated domestic sewage. Organic extraction was performed in columns packed with XAD4 resin, that adsorbs a broad class of mutagenic compounds like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), arylamines, nitrocompounds, quinolines, antraquinones, etc., including the halogenated disinfection by-products; and with blue rayon that selectively adsorbs polycyclic planar structures. The organic extracts were tested for mutagenicity with the Salmonella assay using TA98 and TA100 strains and the potencies were compared. A protocol for cleaning the blue rayon fibers was developed and the efficiency of the reused fibers was analyzed with spiked samples. For the river water samples under the influence of the azo-type dye-processing plant, the mutagenicity was much higher for both blue rayon and XAD4 extracts when compared to the water from the reservoir not directly impacted with industrial discharges. For the drinking water samples, although both sites showed mutagenic responses with XAD4, only samples from the site under the influence of the industrial discharge showed mutagenic activity with the blue rayon extraction, suggesting the presence of polycyclic compounds in those samples. As expected, negative results were found with the blue rayon extracts of the drinking water collected from the reservoir not contaminated with industrial discharges. In this case, it appears that using the blue rayon to extract drinking water samples and comparing the results with the XAD resin extracts we were able to distinguish the mutagenicity caused by industrial contaminants from the halogenated disinfection by-products generated during water treatment.

摘要

致突变性测试与选择性萃取方法相结合，有助于指示水样中可能存在的遗传毒性有机污染物类别。对两个地点的处理后水样和原水水样进行了分析：一个地点是受偶氮染料加工厂排放影响的河流，另一个地点是未直接受到工业排放影响但受未经处理的生活污水污染的水库。采用填充XAD4树脂的柱进行有机萃取，XAD4树脂能吸附一大类诱变化合物，如多环芳烃（PAHs）、芳胺、硝基化合物、喹啉、蒽醌等，包括卤代消毒副产物；还采用了蓝色人造丝，它能选择性吸附多环平面结构。使用TA98和TA100菌株，通过沙门氏菌试验对有机提取物的致突变性进行测试，并比较其效力。制定了清洁蓝色人造丝纤维的方案，并通过加标样品分析了重复使用纤维的效率。对于受偶氮型染料加工厂影响的河水样品，与未直接受到工业排放影响的水库水样相比，蓝色人造丝和XAD4提取物的致突变性都要高得多。对于饮用水样品，虽然两个地点的XAD4提取物都显示出致突变反应，但只有受工业排放影响地点的样品在蓝色人造丝萃取时显示出致突变活性，这表明这些样品中存在多环化合物。正如预期的那样，从未受工业排放污染的水库采集的饮用水蓝色人造丝提取物得到了阴性结果。在这种情况下，似乎通过使用蓝色人造丝萃取饮用水样品并将结果与XAD树脂提取物进行比较，我们能够区分工业污染物引起的致突变性和水处理过程中产生的卤代消毒副产物引起的致突变性。