Barton Elisabeth, Morris Carl
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003 Oct;58(10):M923-6. doi: 10.1093/gerona/58.10.m923.
Skeletal muscle size is modulated by a number of factors, including muscle load, utilization, and regenerative capacity. Surprisingly, actions that can promote muscle growth do not necessarily prevent the loss of muscle mass, or atrophy. This suggests that divergent mechanisms are important for the maintenance of muscle mass in different contexts. In acute atrophy, muscles rapidly lose mass when load is lacking, and this response seems to involve active elimination of myonuclei. In contrast, chronic atrophy, such as loss of muscle mass related to aging, is associated with impairments in muscle repair. In this review, two contexts in which muscle mass is lost are explored to determine if similar processes are involved.
骨骼肌大小受多种因素调节，包括肌肉负荷、利用率和再生能力。令人惊讶的是，能够促进肌肉生长的行为不一定能防止肌肉质量的损失或萎缩。这表明，不同的机制对于在不同情况下维持肌肉质量很重要。在急性萎缩中，当缺乏负荷时肌肉会迅速失去质量，这种反应似乎涉及肌核的主动消除。相比之下，慢性萎缩，如与衰老相关的肌肉质量损失，与肌肉修复受损有关。在这篇综述中，探讨了肌肉质量丧失的两种情况，以确定是否涉及相似的过程。
