Ventegodt Søren, Merrick Joav, Andersen Niels Jørgen
The Quality of Life Research Center, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2003 Oct 13;3:972-91. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2003.77.
The Danish Quality of Life Survey is based on the philosophy of life known as the integrative quality-of-life (IQOL) theory. It consists of eight different quality-of-life concepts, ranging from the superficially subjective via the deeply existential to the superficially objective (well being, satisfaction with life, happiness, meaning in life, biological order, realizing life potential, fulfillment of needs, and objective factors [ability of functioning and fulfilling societal norms]). This paper presents the work underlying the formulation of the theories of a good life and how these theories came to be expressed in a comprehensive, multidimensional, generic questionnaire for the evaluation of the global quality of life--SEQOL (self-evaluation of quality of life)--presented in full length in this paper. The instruments and theories on which the Quality of Life Survey was based are constantly being updated. It is an on-going process due to aspects such as human development, language, and culture. We arrived at eight rating scales for the quality of life that, guided by the IQOL theory, were combined into a global and generic quality-of-life rating scale. This was simplified to the validated QOL5 with only five questions, made for use in clinical databases. Unfortunately, the depth of human existence is to some extent lost in QOL5. We continue to aim towards greater simplicity, precision, and depth in the questions in order to explore the depths of human existence. We have not yet found a final form that enables us to fully rate the quality of life in practice. We hope that the several hundred questions we found necessary to adequately implement the theories of the Quality of Life Survey can be replaced by far fewer; ideally, only eight questions representing the eight component theories. These eight ideal questions have not yet been evaluated, and therefore they should not form the basis of a survey. However, the perspective is clear. If eight simple questions can accurately rate the quality of life as well as its depth, we have found an instrument of immense practical scope.
丹麦生活质量调查基于一种名为综合生活质量（IQOL）理论的生活哲学。它由八个不同的生活质量概念组成，范围从表面主观的到深度存在主义的，再到表面客观的（幸福、生活满意度、快乐、生活意义、生物秩序、实现生活潜力、需求满足以及客观因素[功能能力和履行社会规范]）。本文介绍了美好生活理论形成的基础工作，以及这些理论如何在一份全面、多维度、通用的问卷中得以体现，该问卷用于评估整体生活质量——SEQOL（生活质量自我评估），本文将完整呈现该问卷。生活质量调查所依据的工具和理论在不断更新。由于人类发展、语言和文化等方面的原因，这是一个持续的过程。我们得出了八个生活质量评级量表，在IQOL理论的指导下，这些量表被整合为一个整体的、通用的生活质量评级量表。这被简化为经过验证的QOL5，仅包含五个问题，用于临床数据库。不幸的是，在QOL5中，人类存在的深度在一定程度上有所缺失。我们继续致力于使问题更加简单、精确和深入，以便探索人类存在的深度。我们尚未找到一种最终形式，能让我们在实践中全面评估生活质量。我们希望，为充分实施生活质量调查理论而发现的数百个问题能够被更少的问题所取代；理想情况下，仅用代表八个组成理论的八个问题。这八个理想问题尚未经过评估，因此不应作为调查的基础。然而，前景是清晰的。如果八个简单问题能够准确评估生活质量及其深度，我们就找到了一个具有巨大实际应用范围的工具。
