Ventegodt Søren, Merrick Joav, Andersen Niels Jørgen
The Quality of Life Research Center, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2003 Oct 13;3:992-1001. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2003.78.
Quality-of-life (QOL) rating scales can be used to measure and describe the quality of life of a specific population or patient group. Many decisions can be taken and policies implemented when we know more about a group or population. The global quality-of-life concept may help in expressing the objective of the initiatives taken to benefit specific groups. The objective may be that we hope the efforts will increase their quality of life by a certain percentage. This explicit expectation will force the decision makers to stand by their noble intentions. They are obliged to evaluate their efforts and will have to learn something from it. A questionnaire thus constitutes a useful scientific instrument, as databases based on comprehensive and thorough questionnaire surveys that seek to encompass all aspects of life can provide valuable and precise information. The value of such a database depends on the correct use of the questionnaires and this paper examines some examples of how quality-of-life rating scales can be used. We identified at least ten ways to use the quality-of-life questionnaire: describing the quality of life of a population or patient group; formulating an objective for support, treatment, or care; screening or identifying individuals who need treatment; evaluating treatment and care; facilitating communication between physician and patients; involving the patient in the decision-making process; allocating resources; investigating the causal relation between the quality of life and ill health in prospective studies; creating an awareness of the quality of life and health promotion; and helping the practitioner to accumulate knowledge. Enhancing the quality of life is therefore a determining factor in the process of increasing awareness and responsible conduct in relation to the environment, natural resources, the working environment, and the structure of society. Putting the quality of life on the agenda inherently has a constructive and positive effect on the life and functioning of the individual and society.
生活质量（QOL）评定量表可用于测量和描述特定人群或患者群体的生活质量。当我们对一个群体或人群有更多了解时，就可以做出许多决策并实施相关政策。全球生活质量概念可能有助于表达为使特定群体受益而采取的举措的目标。目标可能是我们希望这些努力能使他们的生活质量提高一定百分比。这种明确的期望将迫使决策者坚守其崇高意图。他们有义务评估自己的努力，并从中吸取经验教训。因此，问卷构成了一种有用的科学工具，因为基于全面而深入的问卷调查（旨在涵盖生活的各个方面）建立的数据库能够提供有价值且精确的信息。此类数据库的价值取决于问卷的正确使用，本文将研究一些生活质量评定量表的使用示例。我们确定了至少十种使用生活质量问卷的方法：描述人群或患者群体的生活质量；制定支持、治疗或护理的目标；筛查或识别需要治疗的个体；评估治疗和护理；促进医患沟通；让患者参与决策过程；分配资源；在前瞻性研究中调查生活质量与健康不良之间的因果关系；提高对生活质量和健康促进的认识；以及帮助从业者积累知识。因此，提高生活质量是提高对环境、自然资源、工作环境和社会结构的认识以及负责任行为的过程中的一个决定性因素。将生活质量提上议程本身对个人和社会的生活及功能具有建设性和积极影响。
