Sarkar Kamalesh
National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata 700010.
J Indian Med Assoc. 2003 Jun;101(6):379-80, 386.
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is basically oral administration of liquid containing various electrolytes in specific proportions to prevent and treat dehydration. This treatment facilitates safe and optimal absorption of water and essential electrolytes such as sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and potassium chloride in dehydrated patients. Successful ORT was experienced in cholera patients in Kolkata and Dhaka which was followed by the development of oral rehydration salt (ORS). This procedure can be safely implemented at home. ORT reduced mortality rate both in cholera and non-cholera watery diarrhoea. The various health authorities must support preparedness before pre-positioning of adequate stocks of ORS packets for emergency situations. Health workers should have been the knowledge to prepare ORS solutions.
口服补液疗法（ORT）基本上是口服含有特定比例各种电解质的液体，以预防和治疗脱水。这种治疗有助于脱水患者安全且最佳地吸收水和 essential electrolytes，如氯化钠、碳酸氢钠和氯化钾。在加尔各答和达卡的霍乱患者中成功实施了ORT，随后开发出口服补液盐（ORS）。该程序可在家中安全实施。ORT降低了霍乱和非霍乱水样腹泻的死亡率。各卫生当局必须在为紧急情况预先储备足够数量的ORS包之前提供支持。卫生工作者应该具备制备ORS溶液的知识。
