Rice D P, Kelman S, Miller L S
School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1992 Dec;43(12):1227-32. doi: 10.1176/ps.43.12.1227.
Mental illness imposes a substantial burden on individuals and society. Using data from national surveys and a newly developed methodology for calculating costs, the authors estimate that in 1985 the total economic costs of mental illness were $103.7 billion. Of this total, direct treatment and support costs were $42.5 billion, or 11.5 percent of total personal health care spending for all illnesses. Morbidity costs--the value of reduced or lost productivity--amounted to $47.4 billion. Mortality costs--the lost value of productivity due to premature death resulting from mental illness--were estimated to be $9.3 billion, or 5.1 percent of total productivity losses for all deaths. Other related costs, including the cost of caregiver services, amounted to $4.5 billion.
精神疾病给个人和社会带来了沉重负担。作者利用全国性调查数据以及一种新开发的成本计算方法估计，1985年精神疾病的总经济成本为1037亿美元。在这一总数中，直接治疗和支持成本为425亿美元，占所有疾病个人医疗保健总支出的11.5%。发病成本——生产力降低或损失的价值——达474亿美元。死亡成本——因精神疾病导致过早死亡而损失的生产力价值——估计为93亿美元，占所有死亡造成的生产力总损失的5.1%。其他相关成本，包括护理服务成本，为45亿美元。
