Kay Aaron C, Jost John T
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Nov;85(5):823-37. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.823.
It was hypothesized that exposure to complementary representations of the poor as happier and more honest than the rich would lead to increased support for the status quo. In Study 1, exposure to "poor but happy" and "rich but miserable" stereotype exemplars led people to score higher on a general measure of system justification, compared with people who were exposed to noncomplementary exemplars. Study 2 replicated this effect with "poor but honest" and "rich but dishonest" complementary stereotypes. In Studies 3 and 4, exposure to noncomplementary stereotype exemplars implicitly activated justice concerns, as indicated by faster reaction times to justice-related than neutral words in a lexical decision task. Evidence also suggested that the Protestant work ethic may moderate the effects of stereotype exposure on explicit system justification (but not implicit activation).
研究假设，接触到将穷人描绘得比富人更幸福、更诚实的互补性表述会导致对现状的支持增加。在研究1中，与接触非互补性范例的人相比，接触“穷但快乐”和“富但痛苦”刻板印象范例的人在系统正当性的总体测量中得分更高。研究2用“穷但诚实”和“富但不诚实”的互补性刻板印象重复了这一效应。在研究3和4中，接触非互补性刻板印象范例在词汇判断任务中对与正义相关的词语比对中性词语的反应更快，这表明隐含地激活了对正义的关注。证据还表明，新教工作伦理可能会调节刻板印象接触对明确系统正当性的影响（但不影响隐含激活）。
