Simpson Jeffry A, Orina M Minda, Ickes William
Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 76109, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Nov;85(5):881-93. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.881.
This study tested predictions from W. Ickes and J. A. Simpson's (1997, 2001) empathic accuracy model. Married couples were videotaped as they tried to resolve a problem in their marriage. Both spouses then viewed a videotape of the interaction, recorded the thoughts and feelings they had at specific time points, and tried to infer their partner's thoughts and feelings. Consistent with the model, when the partner's thoughts and feelings were relationship-threatening (as rated by both the partners and by trained observers), greater empathic accuracy on the part of the perceiver was associated with pre-to-posttest declines in the perceiver's feelings of subjective closeness. The reverse was true when the partner's thoughts and feelings were nonthreatening. Exploratory analyses revealed that these effects were partially mediated through observer ratings of the degree to which partners tried to avoid the discussion issue.
本研究检验了W. 伊克斯和J. A. 辛普森（1997年、2001年）的共情准确性模型所做出的预测。研究人员对已婚夫妇解决婚姻问题的过程进行了录像。之后，夫妻双方观看互动录像，记录他们在特定时间点的想法和感受，并尝试推断伴侣的想法和感受。与该模型一致的是，当伴侣的想法和感受对关系构成威胁时（由伴侣双方和训练有素的观察者评定），感知者更高的共情准确性与测试前后感知者主观亲密感的下降相关。当伴侣的想法和感受不构成威胁时，情况则相反。探索性分析表明，这些效应部分是通过观察者对伴侣试图回避讨论问题程度的评定来介导的。
