Swamy H V L N, Smith T K, MacDonald E J, Karrow N A, Woodward B, Boermans H J
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
J Anim Sci. 2003 Nov;81(11):2792-803. doi: 10.2527/2003.81112792x.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding a blend of grains naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins on growth and immunological parameters of starter pigs. A polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent (GM polymer, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY) was also tested for its efficacy in preventing Fusarium mycotoxicoses. A total of 150 starter pigs (initial weight of 9.3 +/- 1.1 kg) were fed one of five treatment diets (six pens of five pigs per diet) for 21 d. Diets included control, low level of contaminated grains, high level of contaminated grains, high level of contaminated grains + 0.20% GM polymer, and pair-fed control for comparison with pigs receiving the high level of contaminated grains. Feed intake and cumulative weight gain of pigs decreased linearly with the inclusion of contaminated grains in the diet throughout the experiment (P < 0.0001). Weight gains recovered, however, during wk 3 (P > 0.05). There was no difference between the pair-fed group and the pigs fed the diet containing the high level of contaminated grains in terms of weight gain or feed efficiency (P > 0.05). Feeding contaminated grains linearly increased the serum albumin:globulin ratio (P = 0.01), whereas serum urea concentrations and gamma-glutamyltransferase activities responded in a quadratic fashion (P = 0.02). When compared with the pair-fed pigs, serum concentrations of total protein (P = 0.01) and globulin (P = 0.02) were decreased in pigs fed the diet containing the high level of contaminated grains. The feeding of contaminated diets did not significantly alter organ weights expressed as a percentage of BW, serum immunoglobulin concentrations, percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, contact hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene, or primary antibody response to sheep red blood cells (P > 0.05). It was concluded that most of the adverse effects of feeding Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated grains to starter pigs were caused by reduced feed intake. Although supplementation of GM polymer to the contaminated diet prevented some toxin-induced changes in metabolism, it did not prevent the mycotoxin-induced growth depression under the current experimental conditions.
进行了一项实验，以研究饲喂天然被镰刀菌霉菌毒素污染的谷物混合物对断奶仔猪生长和免疫参数的影响。还测试了一种聚合葡甘露聚糖霉菌毒素吸附剂（GM聚合物，奥特奇公司，尼古拉斯维尔，肯塔基州）预防镰刀菌霉菌毒素中毒的效果。总共150头断奶仔猪（初始体重9.3±1.1千克）被饲喂五种处理日粮之一（每种日粮6栏，每栏5头猪），持续21天。日粮包括对照、低水平污染谷物、高水平污染谷物、高水平污染谷物+0.20%GM聚合物，以及配对饲喂对照，用于与接受高水平污染谷物的猪进行比较。在整个实验过程中，随着日粮中污染谷物的添加，猪的采食量和累积体重增加呈线性下降（P<0.0001）。然而，在第3周体重增加恢复（P>0.05）。在体重增加或饲料效率方面，配对饲喂组与饲喂高水平污染谷物日粮的猪之间没有差异（P>0.05）。饲喂污染谷物使血清白蛋白：球蛋白比值呈线性增加（P=0.01），而血清尿素浓度和γ-谷氨酰转移酶活性呈二次反应（P=0.02）。与配对饲喂的猪相比，饲喂高水平污染谷物日粮的猪血清总蛋白（P=0.01）和球蛋白（P=0.02）浓度降低。饲喂污染日粮并未显著改变以体重百分比表示的器官重量、血清免疫球蛋白浓度、外周血淋巴细胞亚群百分比、对二硝基氯苯的接触性超敏反应或对绵羊红细胞的初次抗体反应（P>0.05）。得出的结论是，给断奶仔猪饲喂被镰刀菌霉菌毒素污染的谷物所产生的大多数不良影响是由采食量减少引起的。虽然在污染日粮中添加GM聚合物可防止一些毒素诱导的代谢变化，但在当前实验条件下，它并不能防止霉菌毒素诱导的生长抑制。
