Kasaba T
Department of Anesthesia, Hakodate Medical Association Hospital.
Masui. 1992 Nov;41(11):1806-8.
The effects of pentazocine, diazepam and midazolam in 100 patients to reduce the uncomfortable feeling during epidural block procedure were studied. All patients (ASA I-II) were premedicated with intramuscular atropine sulfate 0.5 mg and hydroxyzine 50 mg. To relieve pain and anxiety during epidural block procedure, pentazocine (15 mg; 20 Cases or 30 mg; 20 Cases), diazepam (5 mg; 20 Cases) or midazolam (2.5 mg; 20 Cases) was given intravenously in the operating room before epidural procedure. After the epidural block, patients were anesthetized with nitrous oxide-oxygen-isoflurane or nitrous oxide-oxygen-sevoflurane. The following day, patients' self-assessments of pain during epidural block procedure were categorized as good and fair. The effects of drugs were compared between patients with im premedication only with patients with further iv administration. Patients with pentazocine 15 mg were similar to the patients given only im premedication. Pentazocine 30 mg and diazepam 5 mg tended to allay the patients' pain feeling. Midazolam 2.5 mg was effective producing anterograde amnesia and antianxiety effects. Small doses of midazolam were effective to relief patients' uncomfortable feeling.
研究了喷他佐辛、地西泮和咪达唑仑对100例患者在硬膜外阻滞过程中减轻不适感的效果。所有患者（ASA I-II级）均预先肌内注射0.5 mg硫酸阿托品和50 mg羟嗪进行术前用药。为缓解硬膜外阻滞过程中的疼痛和焦虑，在硬膜外操作前于手术室静脉注射喷他佐辛（15 mg；20例或30 mg；20例）、地西泮（5 mg；20例）或咪达唑仑（2.5 mg；20例）。硬膜外阻滞后，患者用氧化亚氮-氧气-异氟烷或氧化亚氮-氧气-七氟烷麻醉。次日，患者对硬膜外阻滞过程中疼痛的自我评估分为良好和一般。比较了仅术前用药患者与进一步静脉给药患者的药物效果。15 mg喷他佐辛组患者与仅接受术前用药的患者相似。30 mg喷他佐辛和5 mg地西泮倾向于减轻患者的疼痛感觉。2.5 mg咪达唑仑有效产生顺行性遗忘和抗焦虑作用。小剂量咪达唑仑可有效缓解患者的不适感。
