Ayres J G, Pansari S, Weller P H, Sykes A, Williams J, Butler N, Low D
Department of Respiratory Medicine, East Birmingham Hospital, U.K.
Respir Med. 1992 Sep;86(5):403-7. doi: 10.1016/s0954-6111(06)80007-7.
A study assessing the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in two primary schools in Birmingham, U.K. was performed. A questionnaire was delivered to pupils in both schools after which three open days were conducted in one of the schools, where probable asthmatics were identified and referred to their General Practitioner, Chest Clinic or a school asthma clinic. In this school 49% of responders and 52.9% in the control school were symptomless on questionnaire: 31% and 20.8%, respectively, had probable asthma, falling to 20% and 15.5% if a positive response to the question on recent recurrent wheeze was disregarded as indicating asthma. Using the total population as a denominator, the overall asthma prevalence was 20% which is significantly higher compared to previous English rates. Forty-two were seen at the Chest Clinic, 14 being followed for more than two visits. None were on regular anti-asthma treatment initially; 12/14 were taking prophylactic treatment on follow-up. In the two schools, 10.0% and 14.2% of responders were 'chesty' with 'colds' having no other typical asthmatic symptoms: these children should be studied further. This high incidence of respiratory symptoms in primary school children could represent a national trend or just a local increase.
一项评估英国伯明翰两所小学呼吸道症状患病率的研究开展了。在两所学校向学生发放了问卷,之后在其中一所学校举办了三个开放日,在开放日期间识别出可能患有哮喘的学生,并将他们转诊至全科医生、胸科诊所或学校哮喘诊所。在这所学校,问卷显示49%的应答者和对照学校52.9%的应答者无症状:分别有31%和20.8%的学生可能患有哮喘,如果将近期反复喘息问题的阳性反应视为哮喘的指征被忽略不计,这一比例则降至20%和15.5%。以总人口为分母,总体哮喘患病率为20%,与之前英国的患病率相比显著更高。有42名学生在胸科诊所就诊,其中14名接受了超过两次的随访。最初没有人接受常规抗哮喘治疗;随访时12/14的学生正在接受预防性治疗。在这两所学校中,10.0%和14.2%的应答者“胸部不适”且患有“感冒”,没有其他典型的哮喘症状:这些儿童应进一步研究。小学儿童中呼吸道症状的高发病率可能代表全国性趋势,也可能只是局部增加。