Nakashima K, Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J, Noguchi A, Hirata M, Kajiyama W, Urabe K, Minami K, Maeda Y
Department of General Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Nov 1;136(9):1132-7. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116579.
The authors investigated the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in 404 female prostitutes, 428 clinic patients with a history of at least one episode of sexually transmitted disease, and 8,944 blood donors who served as the controls. All subjects were Japanese, and all studies were carried out in Fukuoka, Kyushu, Japan, in 1989. The prevalence of anti-HCV was significantly higher in the prostitutes (6.2%), in the female patients with sexually transmitted diseases (6.1%), and in the male patients with sexually transmitted diseases (2.9%) than in the controls (1.5%). Prevalence of anti-HCV increased with age in prostitutes and in the controls. The prevalence of anti-HCV in those who had been involved in prostitution for 1 year or more (8.1%) was higher than in those who had been involved in prostitution for less than 1 year (1.4%), but the difference was not statistically significant. One of the 152 anti-HCV negative prostitutes seroconverted between 1 and 2 years later. Among the subjects with sexually transmitted diseases, patients with a history of at least one episode of syphilis had a significantly higher prevalence of anti-HCV (4.4%) than the controls. Patients with acute urethritis and cervicitis also showed a high prevalence of anti-HCV (3.6% and 6.7%, respectively). These data support the possibility of sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus.
作者调查了404名女性妓女、428名有至少一次性传播疾病史的门诊患者以及8944名作为对照的献血者中丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV）的流行情况。所有受试者均为日本人，所有研究于1989年在日本九州福冈进行。妓女（6.2%）、患有性传播疾病的女性患者（6.1%）和患有性传播疾病的男性患者（2.9%）中抗-HCV的流行率显著高于对照组（1.5%）。妓女和对照组中抗-HCV的流行率均随年龄增长而升高。从事卖淫1年或更长时间者中抗-HCV的流行率（8.1%）高于从事卖淫不到1年者（1.4%），但差异无统计学意义。152名抗-HCV阴性的妓女中有1人在1至2年后血清学发生了转换。在患有性传播疾病的受试者中，有至少一次梅毒病史的患者抗-HCV的流行率（4.4%）显著高于对照组。急性尿道炎和宫颈炎患者抗-HCV的流行率也较高（分别为3.6%和6.7%）。这些数据支持丙型肝炎病毒性传播的可能性。
