Wadonda-Kabondo N, Sterne J A C, Golding J, Kennedy C T C, Archer C B, Dunnill M G S
Department of Child Health, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Br J Dermatol. 2003 Nov;149(5):1023-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2003.05605.x.
There is strong evidence that the incidence and prevalence of atopic diseases is increasing. However, estimates of the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) have varied greatly in the U.K. and most parts of the developed world.
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of AD between the ages of 0 and 42 months in children born in the 1990s in a defined population in the U.K.
We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ALSPAC), a large population-based study in the U.K. that enrolled all pregnant mothers who were resident in Avon and had their delivery date falling between 1 April 1991 and 31 December 1992. Since then ALSPAC has collected a wide range of data from the newborns and their parents. Data reported here were collected at 6, 18, 30 and 42 months using parental reports in a postal questionnaire. Of the 14 009 children originally enrolled 8530 provided information on AD in each of the four follow-up questionnaires. We defined AD as a report of rash in at least two of the four questionnaires. Incidence risk was defined as the percentage of new cases of AD between follow-up questionnaires, out of the total number of children whose parents had not reported that they had AD by the time of the previous follow-up.
Period prevalence of 21.0%, 25.6%, 23.2% and 19.9% were observed at ages 0-6, 6-18, 18-30 and 30-42 months, respectively. The corresponding incidence risks were 21.0%, 11.2% and 3.8%, at 0-6, 6-18 and 18-30 months, respectively. There were no gender differences in either the incidence or prevalence of the disease.
Results from this large, prospective study are consistent with recent reports of increased incidence and prevalence of AD. Health planners can use our estimates of incidence and prevalence to project the number of children likely to suffer from AD during infancy and early childhood, and thus to determine the human and financial resources required.
有强有力的证据表明特应性疾病的发病率和患病率正在上升。然而，在英国及大多数发达国家，特应性皮炎（AD）患病率的估计值差异很大。
本研究旨在估计英国特定人群中20世纪90年代出生的0至42个月儿童的AD患病率和发病率。
我们使用了埃文纵向孕期和儿童研究（ALSPAC）的数据，这是一项在英国开展的大型基于人群的研究，纳入了所有居住在埃文且分娩日期在1991年4月1日至1992年12月31日之间的孕妇。自那时起，ALSPAC收集了新生儿及其父母的广泛数据。此处报告的数据是通过邮寄问卷中父母的报告在6、18、30和42个月时收集的。在最初纳入的14009名儿童中，8530名儿童在四份随访问卷中的每份问卷中都提供了有关AD的信息。我们将AD定义为在四份问卷中至少两份问卷中有皮疹报告。发病风险定义为随访问卷之间AD新病例数占其父母在上次随访时未报告其患有AD的儿童总数的百分比。
在0至6、6至18、18至30和30至42个月时观察到的时期患病率分别为21.0%、25.6%、23.2%和19.9%。相应的发病风险在0至6、6至18和18至30个月时分别为21.0%、11.2%和3.8%。该疾病的发病率和患病率均无性别差异。
这项大型前瞻性研究的结果与近期关于AD发病率和患病率上升的报告一致。卫生规划者可以使用我们对发病率和患病率的估计来预测婴儿期和幼儿期可能患AD的儿童数量，从而确定所需的人力和财力资源。
