猪胴体上的沙门氏菌：感染沙门氏菌的猪及屠宰场中的交叉污染
Salmonella on pig carcasses: positive pigs and cross contamination in the slaughterhouse.
作者信息
Botteldoorn N, Heyndrickx M, Rijpens N, Grijspeerdt K, Herman L
机构信息
Department for Animal Product Quality and Transformation Technology, Centre for Agricultural Research-Ghent, Brusselsesteenweg, Melle, Belgium.
出版信息
J Appl Microbiol. 2003;95(5):891-903. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02042.x.
AIMS
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella in pigs at the moment of slaughter and in the slaughterhouse environment.
METHODS AND RESULTS
In total, five different commercial slaughterhouses were sampled during eight slaughterhouse visits. Carcass swabs, colon content and mesenteric lymph nodes were taken to reflect the animal status and from the slaughterhouse environmental samples were taken. Salmonella was isolated from 37% of the carcass samples as a mean value. High variations were noticed between different slaughterhouses (between 0 and 70%) and sampling days in the same abattoir (between 3 and 52%). A correlation was found between the carcass contamination and the status of the delivered animals (P=0.01675). Cross contamination was estimated to account for 29% of the positive carcasses. The slaughterhouse environment was highly contaminated; before starting the slaughtering activities 25% of the samples were positive on average. The most prevalent serotypes isolated at the slaughterhouse environment and from the colon content were S. Typhimurium, S. Livingstone and S. Derby. On carcasses S. Typhimurium was predominately isolated (71%). The biggest variability of serotypes was found in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Serologically 56.3% of the pigs were found positive for Salmonella using a cut-off level of the optical density percentage higher than 10 (O.D.% > or = 10). While on individual pig level the correlation between the bacteriological and serological data was poor, because of recent Salmonella infections, a better correlation was found at the herd level on the moment of slaughtering.
CONCLUSION
A high degree of carcass contamination is noticed after slaughtering. This contamination resulted from the delivery of Salmonella-positive pigs and cross-contamination from the slaughterhouse environment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
In pigs, Salmonella carriage is high, but it is obvious that slaughterhouse hygiene is a determinative factor for managing carcass contamination.
目的
本研究旨在调查猪在屠宰时及屠宰场环境中沙门氏菌的流行情况。
方法与结果
在八次屠宰场访问期间，共对五个不同的商业屠宰场进行了采样。采集胴体拭子、结肠内容物和肠系膜淋巴结以反映动物状况，并采集屠宰场环境样本。平均而言，37%的胴体样本中分离出沙门氏菌。不同屠宰场之间（0%至70%）以及同一屠宰场不同采样日之间（3%至52%）存在很大差异。发现胴体污染与所交付动物的状况之间存在相关性（P = 0.01675）。估计交叉污染占阳性胴体的29%。屠宰场环境受到高度污染；在开始屠宰活动之前，平均25%的样本呈阳性。在屠宰场环境和结肠内容物中分离出的最常见血清型是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、利文斯通沙门氏菌和德比沙门氏菌。在胴体上，主要分离出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（71%）。在肠系膜淋巴结中发现血清型的最大变异性。使用光密度百分比高于10（O.D.%≥10）的临界值，血清学检测发现56.3%的猪沙门氏菌呈阳性。虽然在个体猪水平上，细菌学和血清学数据之间的相关性较差，这是由于近期沙门氏菌感染，但在屠宰时的畜群水平上发现了更好的相关性。
结论
屠宰后发现胴体污染程度很高。这种污染是由沙门氏菌阳性猪的交付以及屠宰场环境的交叉污染造成的。
研究的意义和影响
猪的沙门氏菌携带率很高，但很明显屠宰场卫生是控制胴体污染的决定性因素。
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