Parra A, Fernández-Llario P, Tato A, Larrasa J, García A, Alonso J M, Hermoso de Mendoza M, Hermoso de Mendoza J
Cátedra de Patología Infecciosa y Epidemiología, Departamento de Medicina y Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de Cáceres, UEX, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 10071 Cáceres, Spain.
Vet Microbiol. 2003 Dec 2;97(1-2):123-33. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.08.007.
A molecular epidemiological approach was applied to establishing a possible role for the wild boar as a natural reservoir of Mycobacterium bovis in Sierra de Villuercas, Western Spain; an area free of farmed cattle and wild deer populations. Spoligo and VNTR typing were used over a three year period to study the epidemiological relationship between the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in extensively bred Iberian pigs and indigenous wild boar. The 37 sampled wild boar showed different degree of calcified granulomatous lesions in retropharyngeal, mediastinal and pulmonary lymph nodes. The 25 sampled Iberian pigs showed calcified lesions, mainly in the respiratory tract. Lesions located in the mesenteric lymph nodes appeared secondarily. M. bovis was isolated from all affected animals. Twenty-five and 37 isolates of M. bovis were obtained from domestic pigs and wild boar, respectively. Our findings provide evidence that supports the possibility of cross infection between wild boar and domestic pig populations. This is contrary to the generally held belief that swine represent an epidemiological dead end host and play no role in the epidemiology of M. bovis.
采用分子流行病学方法，在西班牙西部比列卡斯山脉（该地区没有养殖牛群和野生鹿群）研究野猪作为牛分枝杆菌自然宿主的潜在作用。在三年时间里，运用间隔寡核苷酸分型（Spoligo）和可变数目串联重复序列分型（VNTR）来研究广泛养殖的伊比利亚猪和本地野猪中牛结核病（TB）发病情况之间的流行病学关系。37头采样野猪的咽后、纵隔和肺淋巴结出现不同程度的钙化肉芽肿病变。25头采样伊比利亚猪出现钙化病变，主要位于呼吸道。肠系膜淋巴结的病变为继发性。从所有患病动物中分离出牛分枝杆菌。分别从家猪和野猪中获得了25株和37株牛分枝杆菌分离株。我们的研究结果提供了证据，支持野猪和家猪种群之间交叉感染的可能性。这与普遍认为猪是流行病学终末宿主且在牛分枝杆菌流行病学中不起作用的观点相反。
