Zanella G, Duvauchelle A, Hars J, Moutou F, Boschiroli M L, Durand B
Unite Epidémiologie, Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, 23 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France.
Vet Rec. 2008 Jul 12;163(2):43-7. doi: 10.1136/vr.163.2.43.
The data obtained from a survey of Mycobacterium bovis infection in wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) conducted in France in the 2005/06 hunting season were used to describe and quantify the pathological findings in the two species. The red deer had caseous abscessed lesions in their organs and lymph nodes, whereas in the wild boar the lesions were predominantly caseocalcareous and occurred mainly in the lymph nodes. The severity of the gross tuberculosis-like lesions was estimated on the basis of a numerical score. The significant difference between the distribution of the scores in the two species indicated that the disease was more serious in the red deer than in the wild boar. Unlike the red deer, the wild boar did not show a generalised pattern of disease. Among the lymph nodes examined systematically, gross lesions were most frequently observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes in the red deer and in the retropharyngeal lymph nodes in the wild boar. In both species, the presence of gross lesions showed the closest agreement with the isolation of M bovis from the same lymph nodes. The different patterns of the lesions of tuberculosis in the two species suggest that red deer might play an important role in the intraspecies and interspecies dissemination of the infection, whereas in wild boar the spread of the infection would be more likely to be restricted to other wild boar.
在2005/06狩猎季节于法国开展的一项针对野生马鹿（赤鹿）和野猪结核分枝杆菌感染情况的调查所获得的数据，被用于描述和量化这两个物种的病理结果。马鹿的器官和淋巴结有干酪样脓肿病变，而野猪的病变主要是干酪钙化性的，且主要发生在淋巴结。基于数字评分来评估肉眼可见的类结核病变的严重程度。两个物种评分分布的显著差异表明，该病在马鹿中比在野猪中更严重。与马鹿不同，野猪未表现出全身性疾病模式。在系统检查的淋巴结中，马鹿的肠系膜淋巴结和野猪的咽后淋巴结中最常观察到肉眼可见病变。在这两个物种中，肉眼可见病变的存在与从同一淋巴结中分离出牛分枝杆菌的情况最为一致。两个物种结核病变的不同模式表明，马鹿可能在种内和种间感染传播中发挥重要作用，而在野猪中，感染传播更可能局限于其他野猪。
