Rubio-Palis Y, Curtis C F
División de Investigaciones, Escuela de Malariología y Saneamiento Ambiental, Ministerio de Sanidad y Asistencia Social, Maracay, Venezuela.
Med Vet Entomol. 1992 Oct;6(4):325-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1992.tb00628.x.
A study was conducted in three villages in western Venezuela between February 1988 and October 1989 to determine the biting and resting activity of anophelines in relation to human habits, rainfall and fenitrothion spraying of houses. Mosquitoes were collected landing on humans inside and outside experimental huts throughout the night. Only three mosquitoes were found resting in the huts in the morning, but 2470 were collected resting on vegetation in the early morning. The collections yielded eleven species of anopheline, the most abundant being Anopheles nuneztovari, comprising over 75% of the total anophelines collected, followed by An.triannulatus, An.albitarsis s.l. and An.oswaldoi. The four most abundant species showed different diel patterns of biting. For An.nuneztovari the peak of activity was close to midnight indoors and outdoors, for An.triannulatus between 19.00 and 20.00 hours outdoors, for An.albitarsis mainly before midnight indoors and outdoors and for An.oswaldoi outdoors at 19.00 hours, with an additional smaller peak indoors at midnight. Most of the human population use bednets, go to bed before 22.00 hours and are therefore most exposed to mosquitoes that bite outdoors early in the night. Fenitrothion house-spraying failed to prevent large mosquito populations developing in the wet season, presumably because of their exophilic resting habits. The possible advantages of impregnation of existing bednets with pyrethroids, and provision of nets for people who do not have them, are discussed.
1988年2月至1989年10月期间，在委内瑞拉西部的三个村庄开展了一项研究，以确定按蚊的叮咬和栖息活动与人类习惯、降雨以及房屋喷洒杀螟硫磷之间的关系。整夜在实验小屋内外收集落在人身上的蚊子。清晨仅发现三只蚊子栖息在小屋内，但清晨在植被上收集到2470只。此次收集到11种按蚊，其中最为常见的是努内斯按蚊，占所收集按蚊总数的75%以上，其次是三带按蚊、白跗按蚊复合组和奥斯瓦尔多按蚊。四种最为常见的按蚊表现出不同的昼夜叮咬模式。对于努内斯按蚊，活动高峰在午夜前后，无论室内还是室外；对于三带按蚊，活动高峰在室外的19:00至20:00；对于白跗按蚊，主要在午夜前，无论室内还是室外；对于奥斯瓦尔多按蚊，活动高峰在室外的19:00，午夜时室内还有一个较小的高峰。大多数居民使用蚊帐，22:00前上床睡觉，因此最容易受到夜间早期在室外叮咬的蚊子的影响。在雨季，喷洒杀螟硫磷未能阻止大量蚊子滋生，可能是因为它们有嗜外栖息的习性。文中讨论了用拟除虫菊酯浸渍现有蚊帐以及为没有蚊帐的人提供蚊帐可能带来的好处。
