Brener Nancy D, Billy John O G, Grady William R
Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2003 Dec;33(6):436-57. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(03)00052-1.
We reviewed the existing empirical literature to assess cognitive and situational factors that may affect the validity of adolescents' self-reports of alcohol and other drug use, tobacco use, behaviors related to unintentional injuries and violence, dietary behaviors, physical activity, and sexual behavior. Specifically, we searched for peer-reviewed journal articles published in 1980 or later that examined the factors affecting self-report of the six categories of behavior listed above. We also searched for studies describing objective measures for each behavior. Self-reports of each of six types of health-risk behaviors are affected by both cognitive and situational factors. These factors, however, do not threaten the validity of self-reports of each type of behavior equally. The importance of assessing health-risk behaviors as part of research activities involving adolescents necessitates the use of self-report measures. Researchers should familiarize themselves with the threats to validity inherent in this type of assessment and design research that minimizes these threats as much as possible.
我们回顾了现有的实证文献，以评估可能影响青少年酒精及其他药物使用、烟草使用、与意外伤害及暴力相关行为、饮食行为、体育活动和性行为自我报告有效性的认知和情境因素。具体而言，我们搜索了1980年或之后发表的同行评审期刊文章，这些文章探讨了影响上述六类行为自我报告的因素。我们还搜索了描述每种行为客观测量方法的研究。六种健康风险行为中每一种的自我报告都受到认知和情境因素的影响。然而，这些因素对每种行为自我报告有效性的威胁并不相同。在涉及青少年的研究活动中，将健康风险行为评估作为一部分的重要性使得有必要使用自我报告测量方法。研究人员应熟悉此类评估中固有的有效性威胁，并设计尽可能减少这些威胁的研究。
