Hesse A, Brändle E, Wilbert D, Köhrmann K-U, Alken P
Department of Urology, Division of Experimental Urology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany.
Eur Urol. 2003 Dec;44(6):709-13. doi: 10.1016/s0302-2838(03)00415-9.
In 1979, we conducted a representative study to determine the prevalence and incidence of urolithiasis in Germany. Significant progress in stone therapy and changes in nutritional and environmental factors since then consequently led to a second study in 2001 under the same conditions as in 1979.
A representative sample of 7500 persons from all over Germany was questioned on the occurrence of urinary stones during their lifetimes (prevalence) and on acute urolithiasis in 2000 (incidence). Additionally, data were collected on urinary stone therapy and metaphylaxis. The current data were then compared with those from 1979.
Prevalence has risen from 4% to 4.7% from 1979 to 2001. 9.7% of the 50-64 year old males in 2000 had already had urinary stones (females: 5.9%). The current recurrence rate of urinary stones was estimated to be 42%. In the year 2000, the incidence of urolithiasis in Germany was found to be 1.47% (1979: 0.54%). Over 40% of the stones were passed spontaneously.
There has been a marked increase in the prevalence and incidence of urolithiasis in Germany within the last 22 years. This probably results from improvements in clinical-diagnostic procedures, changes in nutritional and environmental factors and a general apathy towards metabolic clarification and metaphylaxis.
1979年，我们开展了一项具有代表性的研究，以确定德国尿石症的患病率和发病率。自那时起，结石治疗取得了显著进展，营养和环境因素也发生了变化，因此在与1979年相同的条件下于2001年进行了第二项研究。
对来自德国各地的7500人进行了具有代表性的抽样调查，询问他们一生中尿路结石的发生情况（患病率）以及2000年急性尿石症的情况（发病率）。此外，还收集了有关尿路结石治疗和预防性治疗的数据。然后将当前数据与1979年的数据进行比较。
从1979年到2001年，患病率从4%上升到了4.7%。2000年，50 - 64岁男性中有9.7%曾患尿路结石（女性：5.9%）。目前尿路结石的复发率估计为42%。2000年，德国尿石症的发病率为1.47%（1979年：0.54%）。超过40%的结石可自行排出。
在过去22年中，德国尿石症的患病率和发病率显著上升。这可能是由于临床诊断程序的改进、营养和环境因素的变化以及对代谢检查和预防性治疗普遍缺乏关注所致。
