Shimizu Takashi, Mizoue Tetsuya, Kubota Shinya, Mishima Norio, Nagata Shoji
Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan.
J Occup Health. 2003 May;45(3):185-90. doi: 10.1539/joh.45.185.
We investigated the relationship between burnout and communication skill training among Japanese hospital nurses to improve the mental health of human service workers. The subjects were forty-five registered nurses referred to a self-expression skill intervention program by their section superiors, with each superior choosing from two to five nurses. The hospital was located in the Kyushu area and staffed by about four hundred nurses. The subjects were divided into an intervention group (19 nurses) and a reference group (26 nurses). The intervention group received the communication skill training in July and August, 2001. The communication skill training was carried out in accordance with the assertiveness training (AsT) precepts of Anne Dickson. In June, 2001, we delivered a set of questionnaires including age, gender, working years, a burnout scale, and a communication skill check-list as a baseline survey. The baseline questionnaires were returned at the end of June, 2001. In January, 2002, we delivered the same questionnaire again to the two groups and collected them at the end of the month. Excluding the only male and insufficient answers, twenty-six nurses (58%) returned complete answers in the initial and subsequent surveys. We found that the personal accomplishment and the two communication skills such as "accepting valid criticisms" and "negotiation" of the intervention group had improved significantly five months after the training as compared with that of the reference. Our results implied that communication skill training might have a favorable effect on burnout among Japanese hospital nurses.
为改善医护人员的心理健康状况，我们对日本医院护士的职业倦怠与沟通技能培训之间的关系进行了调查。研究对象为45名注册护士，她们由科室上级领导推荐参加自我表达技能干预项目，每位上级领导从两到五名护士中挑选。该医院位于九州地区，约有400名护士。研究对象被分为干预组（19名护士）和对照组（26名护士）。干预组于2001年7月和8月接受沟通技能培训。沟通技能培训按照安妮·迪克森的自信训练（AsT）原则进行。2001年6月，我们发放了一套问卷，内容包括年龄、性别、工作年限、职业倦怠量表和沟通技能检查表，作为基线调查。基线调查问卷于2001年6月底收回。2002年1月，我们再次向两组发放相同问卷，并于当月月底收回。排除唯一的男性和回答不完整的情况后，26名护士（58%）在初次及后续调查中给出了完整回答。我们发现，与对照组相比，干预组的个人成就感以及“接受合理批评”和“协商”这两项沟通技能在培训五个月后有了显著提高。我们的研究结果表明，沟通技能培训可能对日本医院护士的职业倦怠有积极影响。
