护士群体中的职业倦怠及其相关因素：问卷调查

Burnout and its correlates among nursing staff: questionnaire survey.

作者信息

İlhan Mustafa N, Durukan Elif, Taner Ender, Maral Işıl, Bumin Mehmet Ali

机构信息

Mustafa N. İlhan MD PhD Assistant Professor Department of Public Health, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Beşevler, Ankara, TurkeyElif Durukan MD Research Assistant Department of Public Health, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Beşevler, Ankara, TurkeyEnder Taner MD Psychiatrist Gazi University Health Center, Beşevler, Ankara, TurkeyIşıl Maral MD Associate Professor Department of Public Health, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Beşevler, Ankara, TurkeyMehmet Ali Bumin MD Professor Department of Public Health, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey.

出版信息

J Adv Nurs. 2008 Jan;61(1):100-106. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04476.x. Epub 2007 Nov 22.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04476.x

PMID:18034813

Abstract

AIM

This paper is a report of a study to determine the burnout level and its correlates in nurses.

BACKGROUND

Healthcare providers and especially nurses are generally considered a high risk group regarding work stress and burnout and this syndrome has been a major concern in the field of occupational health.

METHOD

The study was carried out at a university hospital in Turkey during May-June 2005. A total of 418 nurses from the 474 working at the hospital at the time (88.2%) answered a self-administered questionnaire including the Maslach Burnout Inventory.

FINDINGS

All the nurses were female, with a mean age of 30.6 (5.4) and a median age of 29 years. The mean score was 17.99(6.35) for the Emotional Exhaustion subscale, 5.72 (3.87) for the Depersonalization subscale and 19.83 (4.66) for the Personal Accomplishment subscale. Emotional Exhaustion decreased with increasing age (P < 0.05). Total time in the job, weekly working hours, shift-working and the unit where employed influenced burnout scores (P < 0.05). Not being happy with relations with superiors, not finding the job suitable, feeling anxious about the future, perceived poor health, problems with personal life and financial difficulties were also factors influencing burnout scale scores (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

It is necessary to consider nurses having the characteristics shown as the correlates of burnout in this study as a target group, to screen periodically the burnout status and improve their working conditions, especially relationships with colleagues.

摘要

目的

本文是一项关于确定护士职业倦怠水平及其相关因素的研究报告。

背景

医疗保健提供者，尤其是护士，通常被认为是工作压力和职业倦怠的高风险群体，这种综合征一直是职业健康领域的主要关注点。

方法

该研究于2005年5月至6月在土耳其的一家大学医院进行。当时医院共有474名护士，其中418名（88.2%）回答了一份包括马氏职业倦怠量表的自填式问卷。

结果

所有护士均为女性，平均年龄为30.6岁（5.4岁），年龄中位数为29岁。情感耗竭子量表的平均得分为17.99（6.35），去个性化子量表的平均得分为5.72（3.87），个人成就感子量表的平均得分为19.83（4.66）。情感耗竭随年龄增长而降低（P<0.05）。工作总时长、每周工作小时数、轮班工作以及工作科室对职业倦怠得分有影响（P<0.05）。对与上级的关系不满意、认为工作不合适、对未来感到焦虑、感觉健康状况不佳、个人生活问题以及经济困难也是影响职业倦怠量表得分的因素（P<0.05）。