Cheng H-H, Wen Y-Y, Chen C
School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wo-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Dec;57(12):1613-20. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601732.
To examine the serum fatty acid composition, serum cholesterol levels, and dietary fat intake associated with body composition in primary school children of both urban and rural regions in Taiwan.
Subjects were randomly stratified by region and primary school. The sample consisted of 870 children aged 10 and 11 y old. The sample was equally distributed between an urban region (Kaohsiung City) and a rural region (Yunlin County). The gender ratio of samples from each area was matched. Food record-assisted 24-h dietary recalls and serum lipid measurements were collected for each child, and associations between serum total cholesterol (TC) and fatty acids composition as well as between body mass index (BMI) and triceps skinfold (TSF) were evaluated for both urban and rural regions.
Compared with students in the urban region, those in the rural region had significantly lower total fat intake, BMI, TSF, TC, and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and higher HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) (P<0.05). Increased total fat (P<0.05) as a proportion of total energy was associated with increased TC and LDL-C. Lauric, myristic, and oleic acid levels in the serum of urban boys were significantly higher (P=0.0001, 0.0003, and 0.0398, respectively) than those of rural boys. In girls, the different fatty acid compositions affected TC concentrations, and palmitic and stearic acids of serum in the high-TC group were significantly lower (P=0.0179 and 0.0001, respectively) than those in the low-TC group.
Urban children had a dietary fat intake that both quantitatively and qualitatively differed from the traditional rural Chinese diet in Taiwan as reflected in rural children. Consumption of total fat was positively associated with BMI, TSF, TC, and LDL-C levels in Taiwanese children aged 10 and 11 y.
This study was partly sponsored by a research grant from the Department of Health, Taiwan, ROC.
研究台湾城乡地区小学生的血清脂肪酸组成、血清胆固醇水平及与身体成分相关的膳食脂肪摄入量。
受试者按地区和小学进行随机分层。样本包括870名10至11岁的儿童。样本在城市地区（高雄市）和农村地区（云林县）平均分配。每个地区样本的性别比例匹配。收集每个儿童的食物记录辅助24小时膳食回忆和血清脂质测量数据，并评估城乡地区血清总胆固醇（TC）与脂肪酸组成之间以及体重指数（BMI）与肱三头肌皮褶厚度（TSF）之间的关联。
与城市地区的学生相比，农村地区的学生总脂肪摄入量、BMI、TSF、TC和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）显著较低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）较高（P<0.05）。总脂肪占总能量的比例增加（P<0.05）与TC和LDL-C升高有关。城市男孩血清中的月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸和油酸水平显著高于农村男孩（分别为P=0.0001、0.0003和0.0398）。在女孩中，不同的脂肪酸组成影响TC浓度，高TC组血清中的棕榈酸和硬脂酸显著低于低TC组（分别为P=0.0179和0.0001）。
城市儿童的膳食脂肪摄入量在数量和质量上均与台湾农村儿童所反映的传统中国农村饮食不同。在10至11岁的台湾儿童中，总脂肪摄入量与BMI、TSF、TC和LDL-C水平呈正相关。
本研究部分由中国台湾地区卫生署的一项研究资助。
