Wühr Peter, Waszak Florian
Institut für Psychologie I, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Mem Cognit. 2003 Sep;31(6):983-94. doi: 10.3758/bf03196450.
The Stroop (1935) effect is the inability to ignore a color word when the task is to report the ink color of that word (i.e., to say "green" to the word RED in green ink). The present study investigated whether object-based processing contributes to the Stroop effect. According to this view, observers are unable to ignore irrelevant features of an attended object (Kahneman & Henik, 1981). In three experiments, participants had to name the color of one of two superimposed rectangles and to ignore words that appeared in the relevant object, in the irrelevant object, or in the background. The words were congruent, neutral, or incongruent with respect to the correct color response. Words in the irrelevant object and in the background produced significant Stroop effects, consistent with earlier findings. Importantly, however, words in the relevant object produced larger Stroop effects than did the other conditions, suggesting amplified processing of all the features of an attended object. Thus, object-based processing can modulate the Stroop effect.
斯特鲁普（1935年）效应是指当任务是报告某个单词的墨水颜色时（例如，用绿色墨水写的单词RED，要说出“绿色”），人们无法忽略该颜色单词。本研究调查了基于客体的加工是否会对斯特鲁普效应产生影响。根据这一观点，观察者无法忽略被关注客体的无关特征（卡尼曼和赫尼克，1981年）。在三个实验中，参与者必须说出两个叠加矩形中其中一个的颜色，并忽略出现在相关客体、无关客体或背景中的单词。这些单词在正确颜色反应方面是一致的、中性的或不一致的。无关客体和背景中的单词产生了显著的斯特鲁普效应，这与早期研究结果一致。然而，重要的是，相关客体中的单词产生的斯特鲁普效应比其他条件下更大，这表明对被关注客体的所有特征进行了增强加工。因此，基于客体的加工可以调节斯特鲁普效应。
