Zamorskiĭ I I, Pishak V P
Bucovinian State Medical Academy, Chernovtsy, Ukraine.
Usp Fiziol Nauk. 2003 Oct-Dec;34(4):37-53.
The neurofunctional system, which receives a photoperiod, is a photoperiodic brain system. As a part of chronoperiodic system of organism it is involved in perception and transfer of information about the main external Zeitgeber to the peripheral tissues. Such role of photoperiodic system allows it not only synchronize the chronorhythms of different somatic and visceral functions, but also realize the coordination and the modulation of adaptation mechanisms to the stressors influence. The present review is focused on the ways of conduction of photoperiodic information, role of suprachiasmatic nuclei of hypothalamus in endogenous oscillation of chronorhythms and pineal gland as a neuroendocrinal transducer; and also on characteristics of circadian and circannual parts of photoperiodic system. Special attention is given to vegetative part of photoperiodic system and melatonin--"the hormone of dark". It is supposed that adenosine, one of the humoral elements of photoperiodic system, is involved in transfer of duration of the light part of photoperiod. Due to presented data we have come to the conclusion that septohippocampal system is one of the center for saving photoperiodic information.
接收光周期的神经功能系统是一个光周期脑系统。作为生物体时间周期系统的一部分，它参与将有关主要外部授时因子的信息感知并传递至外周组织。光周期系统的这一作用不仅使其能够使不同躯体和内脏功能的时间节律同步，还能实现对应激源影响的适应机制的协调与调节。本综述聚焦于光周期信息的传导方式、下丘脑视交叉上核在内源性时间节律振荡中的作用以及作为神经内分泌转换器的松果体；还关注光周期系统的昼夜和年周期部分的特征。特别关注光周期系统的植物性部分和褪黑素——“黑暗激素”。据推测，腺苷作为光周期系统的体液成分之一，参与光周期光照部分时长的传递。基于所呈现的数据，我们得出结论，隔海马系统是保存光周期信息的中心之一。
