Sánchez-Muniz Francisco J, Oubiña Pilar, Ródenas Sofía, Benedi Juana, Cuesta Carmen
Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición) Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2003 Dec;42(6):299-306. doi: 10.1007/s00394-003-0429-z.
Saturated fatty acids exert controversial effects on platelet aggregation and eicosanoid production.
To investigate the effect of a dietary exchange between palmitic acid and oleic acid on both platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 (TXB(2)) production, and on urine TXB(2), prostacyclin I2 (PGI(2) as 6-keto-protaglandin F(1)alpha), and the thrombogenic ratio (TXB(2)/6-keto-protaglandin F(1)alpha) in fourteen postmenopausal women.
Women were assigned to two consecutive 28-d dietary periods that were high in cholesterol (400 mg/d) and fat (46%en). In the first period all subjects followed an oleic acid-rich diet prepared with high oleic acidsunflower oil. This was followed by a second period rich in palmitic acid in the form of palmolein. DETERMINATIONS: Nutrient intakes, ADP-platelet aggregation, platelet TXB(2) production, urine TXB(2) and 6-keto-protaglandin F(1)alpha were measured during two dietary periods and the results obtained correlated to serum cholesterol, lipoproteincholesterol and peroxides, apolipoproteins and plasma tocopherol.
The palmolein diet led to an increase in the platelet aggregation rate (p < 0.05) and in the time for the maximal aggregation rate (p < 0.02). No significant differences were observed in platelet TXB(2) production. Palmolein increased urine TXB(2) in pg/mL (p < 0.05) and pg/min (p < 0.01), whereas the thrombogenic ratio (TXB(2)/6-keto-protaglandin F(1)alpha) did not change. Most changes were related to oil change, few to serum cholesterol level (< or > or = 6.2 mmol/L) or age (< or > or = 65 yr).
Palmolein diet activates platelet aggregation more in normocholesterolemics. Though palmolein increased thromboxane and tended to increase prostacyclin in urine in normo- and hypercholesterolemic women, the thrombogenic ratio did not change. These effects were related to the LDL and HDL concentration increases and to the absence of change in the total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio found following the dietary intervention.
饱和脂肪酸对血小板聚集和类花生酸生成的影响存在争议。
研究棕榈酸与油酸进行饮食交换对14名绝经后女性的血小板聚集、血栓素B2（TXB₂）生成以及尿TXB₂、前列环素I2（PGI₂，以6-酮-前列腺素F₁α表示）和血栓形成比（TXB₂/6-酮-前列腺素F₁α）的影响。
将女性分为两个连续的28天饮食期，饮食中胆固醇含量高（约400mg/d）且脂肪含量高（约46%能量）。在第一个时期，所有受试者遵循用高油酸葵花籽油制备的富含油酸的饮食。随后是第二个时期，以棕榈仁油的形式富含棕榈酸。测定：在两个饮食期测量营养摄入量、ADP诱导的血小板聚集、血小板TXB₂生成、尿TXB₂和6-酮-前列腺素F₁α，并将所得结果与血清胆固醇、脂蛋白胆固醇和过氧化物、载脂蛋白以及血浆生育酚相关联。
棕榈仁油饮食导致血小板聚集率增加（p<0.05）以及达到最大聚集率的时间增加（p<0.02）。在血小板TXB₂生成方面未观察到显著差异。棕榈仁油使尿TXB₂以pg/mL计增加（p<0.05），以pg/min计增加（p<0.01），而血栓形成比（TXB₂/6-酮-前列腺素F₁α）未改变。大多数变化与油的改变有关，与血清胆固醇水平（<或>或=6.2mmol/L）或年龄（<或>或=65岁）的关系较少。
在血脂正常的人群中，棕榈仁油饮食更能激活血小板聚集。尽管在血脂正常和血脂升高的女性中，棕榈仁油增加了血栓素并倾向于增加尿中的前列环素，但血栓形成比未改变。这些影响与饮食干预后低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白浓度的增加以及总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值未改变有关。
