Elamin A, Omer M I, Zein K, Tuvemo T
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan.
Diabetes Care. 1992 Nov;15(11):1556-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.15.11.1556.
To determine the incidence of type I diabetes in children 0-14 yr of age in Khartoum, Sudan.
Prospective registration of newly diagnosed patients in a hospital-based registry with independent validation of completeness of case ascertainment. Eligible patients were Sudanese children < 15 yr of age, who developed type I diabetes during the period 1 January 1987 through 31 December 1990, and who were living in Khartoum city at the time of diagnosis. The denominator is the stable childhood population of Khartoum city, as estimated by the National Bureau of Statistics.
In 4 yr, 239 cases were notified in the primary source and 268 in the secondary source. Some 196 patients were registered in both sources. Using the capture-recapture method to correct for underascertainment, the estimated total number of cases was 327, and the overall degree of ascertainment was 95%. The incidence of type I diabetes in children 0-14 yr of age increased from 5.9/10(5) in 1987 to 10.1/10(5) in 1990 (P < 0.001). Girls exhibited slightly higher incidence rates than boys in the 10-14-yr age-group throughout the 4 yr, but the differences were not statistically significant. The age distribution at onset was bimodal with a clear peak at age 12 yr in girls and age 14 yr in boys and another smaller peak at age 7 yr in both sexes. The number of new cases was markedly higher in the cooler months of the year, with a peak in January and a nadir in June (P < 0.01). This trend was consistent over the period of observation.
Childhood diabetes is increasing in Sudan. Our incidence figures are higher than those reported from other Arab countries and is similar to reports from France and Italy.
确定苏丹喀土穆0至14岁儿童I型糖尿病的发病率。
在以医院为基础的登记处对新诊断患者进行前瞻性登记，并对病例确诊的完整性进行独立验证。符合条件的患者为1987年1月1日至1990年12月31日期间患I型糖尿病、年龄小于15岁且诊断时居住在喀土穆市的苏丹儿童。分母为国家统计局估计的喀土穆市稳定儿童人口数。
4年中，主要来源通报了239例病例，次要来源通报了268例病例。约196例患者在两个来源均有登记。采用捕获-再捕获法校正确诊不足，估计病例总数为327例，总体确诊率为95%。0至14岁儿童I型糖尿病的发病率从1987年的5.9/10万增至1990年的10.1/10万（P<0.001）。在整个4年中，10至14岁年龄组女孩的发病率略高于男孩，但差异无统计学意义。发病年龄分布呈双峰型，女孩在12岁时出现明显高峰，男孩在14岁时出现明显高峰，7岁时男女均出现另一个较小高峰。一年中较凉爽的月份新发病例数明显较多，1月达到高峰，6月达到低谷（P<0.01）。在观察期内这一趋势保持一致。
苏丹儿童糖尿病发病率正在上升。我们的发病率数据高于其他阿拉伯国家报告的数据，与法国和意大利的报告相似。
