Shaltout A A, Qabazard M A, Abdella N A, LaPorte R E, al Arouj M, Ben Nekhi A, Moussa M A, al Khawari M A
Department of Pediatrics, Kuwait University.
Diabetes Care. 1995 Jul;18(7):923-7. doi: 10.2337/diacare.18.7.923.
To determine the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children aged 0-14 years in Kuwait, as part of the World Health Organization Multinational Collaborative Study (DIAMOND), and to determine if the incidence rates have increased.
All cases of IDDM diagnosed before the child's 15th birthday between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 1993 were recorded. Prospective notification of all children with newly diagnosed diabetes who were admitted to hospitals and periodic review of hospital medical records provided the primary source; notification by physicians working in diabetic clinics, in which registry of all new cases is mandatory, provided the secondary source of ascertainment.
The degree of ascertainment was 92.2%. The annual incidence of IDDM for children aged 0-14 years over the 2-year period was 15.4/100,000 (95% confidence interval, 12.4-19), with a male:female ratio of 1.2:1. The age-specific annual incidence rates for the age-groups 0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years were 12.8, 15.1, and 18.3/100,000, respectively, with a male:female ratio of 1.45:1 in the 0- to 4-year-old age-group and an equal sex ratio in the 5- to 9- and 10- to 14-year-old age-groups. No significant difference was detected between incidence rates of IDDM in boys and girls in the three age-groups. There was no significant linear trend toward an increase in IDDM incidence rates as age advanced. Compared with a previous study by Taha et al. (Taha T, Moussa M, Rashed A, Fenech F: Diabetes mellitus in Kuwait: incidence in the first 29 years of life. Diabetologia 25:306-308, 1983), there was a nearly fourfold increase of IDDM in the age-group 0-14 years, mainly in those children < 5 years old, suggesting a rapid increase in a short period of time.
Kuwait has the highest incidence of IDDM in children in the region, and an apparently increasing incidence has been demonstrated over the last decade.
作为世界卫生组织多国合作研究（DIAMOND）的一部分，确定科威特0至14岁儿童胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）的发病率，并确定发病率是否有所上升。
记录1992年1月1日至1993年12月31日期间在儿童15岁生日前确诊的所有IDDM病例。对所有新诊断糖尿病住院儿童的前瞻性报告以及对医院病历的定期审查是主要数据来源；在强制登记所有新病例的糖尿病诊所工作的医生提供的报告是次要数据来源。
确诊率为92.2%。在这两年期间，0至14岁儿童IDDM的年发病率为15.4/10万（95%置信区间，12.4 - 19），男女比例为1.2:1。0至4岁、5至9岁和10至14岁年龄组的年龄特异性年发病率分别为12.8、15.1和18.3/10万，0至4岁年龄组男女比例为1.45:1，5至9岁和10至14岁年龄组性别比例相等。在这三个年龄组中，男孩和女孩的IDDM发病率未检测到显著差异。随着年龄增长，IDDM发病率没有显著的线性上升趋势。与Taha等人之前的一项研究（Taha T, Moussa M, Rashed A, Fenech F: Diabetes mellitus in Kuwait: incidence in the first 29 years of life. Diabetologia 25:306 - 308, 1983）相比，0至14岁年龄组的IDDM发病率几乎增加了四倍，主要是在5岁以下的儿童中，这表明在短时间内发病率迅速上升。
科威特是该地区儿童IDDM发病率最高的国家，并且在过去十年中发病率明显上升。
