Chau Nearkasen, Mur Jean-Marie, Benamghar Lahoucine, Siegfried Christian, Dangelzer Jean-Louis, Français Martine, Jacquin Régis, Sourdot Alain
National Institute for Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France.
Am J Ind Med. 2004 Jan;45(1):84-92. doi: 10.1002/ajim.10319.
There is little published about the role of individual characteristics in occupational injuries. Construction workers have a high rate of injury; we assessed 11 personal characteristics in this professional sector.
A case-control study was conducted on 880 male workers who had had at least one occupational injury during a 2-year period and 880 controls. A questionnaire was administered by an occupational physician. Statistical analysis was made via logistic regression method.
Young age (<30 years), sleep disorders and current smoker influenced all the injuries combined. Sleep disorders and young age were common risk factors for several jobs. Physical disabilities and no sporting activity had a role in masons, and 5 years or less in present job in plumbers and electricians only. Sleep disorders influenced both the injuries with and without hospitalization; young age, current smoker, and physical disability influenced those without hospitalization only.
Young age, sleep disorders, smoking, disabilities, sporting activity, and experience influenced the occupational injuries. The risk for each worker depended on his job. Occupational physicians could inform the workers of these risks and encourage them to take remedial action.
关于个体特征在职业伤害中的作用，发表的相关内容较少。建筑工人的受伤率较高；我们评估了该职业领域的11种个人特征。
对880名在两年期间至少遭受过一次职业伤害的男性工人和880名对照者进行了病例对照研究。由职业医生发放问卷。通过逻辑回归方法进行统计分析。
年龄较小（<30岁）、睡眠障碍和当前吸烟者会影响所有综合伤害。睡眠障碍和年龄较小是多种工作的常见风险因素。身体残疾和不参加体育活动在泥瓦匠中起作用，而仅在水管工和电工中，目前工作年限在5年及以下起作用。睡眠障碍对需住院和无需住院的伤害均有影响；年龄较小、当前吸烟者和身体残疾仅对无需住院的伤害有影响。
年龄较小、睡眠障碍、吸烟、残疾、体育活动和工作经验会影响职业伤害。每个工人面临的风险取决于其工作。职业医生可以将这些风险告知工人，并鼓励他们采取补救措施。
