Dietrich Thomas, Reichart Peter A, Scheifele Christian
Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Radiology, Campus Virchow, Medical Faculty Charité, Humboldt University, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
Oral Oncol. 2004 Feb;40(2):158-63. doi: 10.1016/s1368-8375(03)00145-3.
Studies on the risk factors of oral leukoplakia (OL) are relatively scarce. The objectives of this paper are to assess the clinical risk factors of OL in a representative sample of the US population. Data from the oral mucosal tissue assessment and some other covariates of 15,811 participants in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) were included. The clinical definition of OL was applied according to the WHO criteria. Tobacco smoking was found as the strongest independent risk factor. The OR were 3.00 (0.77-11.8) for < or =10 cigarettes/day up to 6.01 (2.4-15.0) for >20 cigarettes/day. Diabetes, age and socio-economic status were found as independent predictors of OL. Alcohol consumption, race/ethnicity, years of education and BMI showed no independent association with OL. Females with a history of estrogen use were less likely to have OL with an OR of 0.34 (0.11-1.07). In conclusion, the role of diabetes and estrogen in the pathogenesis of OL should be further investigated.
关于口腔白斑（OL）危险因素的研究相对较少。本文的目的是评估美国人群代表性样本中OL的临床危险因素。纳入了美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES III）中15811名参与者的口腔黏膜组织评估数据及其他一些协变量。根据世界卫生组织标准应用OL的临床定义。发现吸烟是最强的独立危险因素。每天吸≤10支烟的比值比（OR）为3.00（0.77 - 11.8），每天吸>20支烟的OR高达6.01（2.4 - 15.0）。发现糖尿病、年龄和社会经济状况是OL的独立预测因素。饮酒、种族/民族、受教育年限和体重指数（BMI）与OL无独立关联。有雌激素使用史的女性患OL的可能性较小，OR为0.34（0.11 - 1.07）。总之，糖尿病和雌激素在OL发病机制中的作用应进一步研究。
