Osinowo H O
Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan.
West Afr J Med. 2003 Sep;22(3):225-31. doi: 10.4314/wajm.v22i3.27955.
The study investigated factors associated with attitude towards sex-role, self-image and marital satisfaction on psychological health status, perception of menopause and sexual satisfaction in climacteric women in Ibadan, Nigeria.
45 female participants were randomly selected from Ibadan. The mean age was 51.42 +/- 8.05 years (range = 36 - 70 years). The mean age for the 13 non-menopausal women was 42.79 +/- 3. 91 years (range = 42 - 47 years) while the mean age for the 32 menopausal women was 5.16 +/- 6.08 years (range = 47 - 70 years). The mean age of the children of the participants was 16.05 +/- 8.09 years (range = 1 - 36 years). A questionnaire having several subsections (consisting of the psychological health status of women in the climacteric, attitude towards sex role, perception of menopause, social support, marital satisfaction, self-image and sexuality scales was used for the assessment.
Post-Menopausal women reported better psychological health compared to the pre-menopausal women (t = 1.86, p < .05) but no significant differences in their attitude to sex role. Post menopausal women had more positive attitude to sex (t = 3.15, p < .01) and were more knowledgeable about menopause (t = 2.15, p < .03). Women with conservative/reactionary preference for traditional sex roles reported negative perception of menopause compared to those with liberal attitude toward sex role (t = 1.82, p < 0.05). Menopausal Status, Educational level and social support predicted positive attitude to sex, (F = 3.62, P < .01). Age, self-image and attitude to sex domain of the marital satisfaction scale predicted better psychological health, and marital cordiality predicted better psychological health as measured by GIIQ (R2 = 25, beta = -43, t = -2.38, P < .02). Marital satisfaction significantly predicted better sexuality, (F = 5.47, R square = 0.11, p <0.05). Sources of information on menopause included health institutions, books, doctors, and books/health workers.
The study highlights the need for sensitizing menopausal Nigerian women on how to improve their self-image, marital satisfaction, and sexual satisfaction. Conventional treatment options emphasizing hormone replacement therapy, need for nutritional supplement, dietary changes, marital and sex therapy are emphasized.
本研究调查了尼日利亚伊巴丹更年期女性在心理健康状况、对更年期的认知和性满意度方面，与性别角色态度、自我形象及婚姻满意度相关的因素。
从伊巴丹随机选取45名女性参与者。平均年龄为51.42±8.05岁（范围 = 36 - 70岁）。13名未绝经女性的平均年龄为42.79±3.91岁（范围 = 42 - 47岁），而32名绝经女性的平均年龄为51.6±6.08岁（范围 = 47 - 70岁）。参与者子女的平均年龄为16.05±8.09岁（范围 = 1 - 36岁）。使用一份包含几个子部分的问卷（由更年期女性的心理健康状况、性别角色态度、对更年期的认知、社会支持、婚姻满意度、自我形象和性量表组成）进行评估。
与绝经前女性相比，绝经后女性报告的心理健康状况更好（t = 1.86，p <.05），但在性别角色态度上无显著差异。绝经后女性对性有更积极的态度（t = 3.15，p <.01），并且对更年期了解更多（t = 2.15，p <.03）。与对性别角色持开放态度的女性相比，对传统性别角色有保守/反动偏好的女性对更年期的认知为负面（t = 1.82，p < 0.05）。绝经状态、教育水平和社会支持预示着对性的积极态度（F = 3.62，P <.01）。年龄、自我形象和婚姻满意度量表中性领域的态度预示着更好的心理健康，而婚姻融洽度预示着以GIIQ衡量的更好的心理健康（R2 = 25，β = -43，t = -2.38，P <.02）。婚姻满意度显著预示着更好的性满意度（F = 5.47，决定系数 = 0.11，p <0.05）。关于更年期的信息来源包括医疗机构、书籍、医生以及书籍/卫生工作者。
该研究强调有必要让尼日利亚更年期女性了解如何改善自我形象、婚姻满意度和性满意度。强调了传统治疗选择，包括激素替代疗法、营养补充需求、饮食改变、婚姻和性治疗。
