Correa M, Arizzi M N, Betz A, Mingote S, Salamone J D
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA.
Brain Res Bull. 2003 Dec 30;62(3):197-202. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2003.09.013.
The typical response to acute peripheral administration of low to high doses of ethanol in rats is a dose-dependent depression of motor activity. Nevertheless, recent studies indicate that intraventricular (ICV) injections of ethanol can produce signs of behavioral activation. In addition, considerable evidence indicates that brain metabolism of ethanol is involved in modulating some of the behavioral effects of this drug, which suggests that ethanol may have active metabolites with central actions. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of ICV ethanol, and its two major metabolites acetaldehyde and acetate, on open field locomotor activity in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received different doses of ethanol, acetaldehyde or acetate ICV and immediately were placed in an open field chamber in which locomotion was measured. Rats injected with ICV ethanol or acetaldehyde showed an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve, with moderate doses increasing motor activity. In contrast, acetate produced a dose-dependent decrease in motor activity. These results demonstrate that central administration of low doses of ethanol can increase locomotor activity in rats, and suggest that acetaldehyde may be an active metabolite of ethanol that also can facilitate locomotor activity. Moreover, it is possible that some of the motor suppression or sedation produced by ethanol is due to the central actions of acetate.
大鼠经外周急性给予低剂量至高剂量乙醇后的典型反应是剂量依赖性的运动活动抑制。然而，最近的研究表明，脑室内（ICV）注射乙醇可产生行为激活的迹象。此外，大量证据表明，乙醇的脑代谢参与调节该药物的某些行为效应，这表明乙醇可能具有具有中枢作用的活性代谢物。本研究旨在探讨脑室内注射乙醇及其两种主要代谢物乙醛和乙酸盐对大鼠旷场运动活动的影响。雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠接受不同剂量的乙醇、乙醛或乙酸盐脑室内注射，然后立即放入一个可测量运动的旷场箱中。注射脑室内乙醇或乙醛的大鼠呈现倒U形剂量反应曲线，中等剂量可增加运动活动。相比之下，乙酸盐则导致运动活动呈剂量依赖性下降。这些结果表明，中枢给予低剂量乙醇可增加大鼠的运动活动，并提示乙醛可能是乙醇的一种活性代谢物，也可促进运动活动。此外，乙醇产生的一些运动抑制或镇静作用可能归因于乙酸盐的中枢作用。
