Chattopadhyay B P, Alam J, Roychowdhury A
Regional Occupational Health Centre (Eastern), Indian Council of Medical Research, Block-DP, Sector-V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata-700 091, India.
Lung. 2003;181(5):291-302. doi: 10.1007/s00408-003-1033-y.
In Kolkata city the road transports are maintained by private and Government organization. A major work force belonged to the State Transport Corporation (KSTC), Government of West-Bengal. The pollution caused by these vehicles affects the workers health and caused different types of respiratory problems. This study was undertaken to assess the pulmonary function status of these workers. City KSTC garage workers were investigated and categorically divided into two group: garage mechanics and the (2) those transporting the passengers (drivers and conductors). Vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were recorded by Spirovit-SP-10 (Schiller Ltd, Switzerland) and Wright's Peak Flow Meter (UK) on 236 workers. The different flow volumes, FEV(1), FEV(1%), and flow rates, FEF(02-121), FEF(25-75%), etc. were calculated. The administrative people had higher PFT than the other categories. Drivers and conductors have almost equal mean PFT values but mechanical workers had slightly higher. PFT values according to different age ranges and duration of exposure showed gradual decrement as age and duration of exposure increased. Non-smokers had higher lung volumes compared to smokers and ex-smokers. Restrictive, obstructive and combined types of impairments were noticed in 28.4%, 1.7% and 2.9%, respectively, workers. The restrictive impairment was found to be 30.4% in conductors; 28.9% in drivers, 27.9% in mechanics and 21.7% in administration people. Obstructive type of impairment was found to be 2.9% in both drivers and conductors. The effect of pollution by dust and fumes may be responsible for these pulmonary function impairments, restrictive impairments being greater.
在加尔各答市，道路运输由私人和政府组织负责维护。主要劳动力属于西孟加拉邦政府的邦运输公司（KSTC）。这些车辆造成的污染影响工人健康，并引发不同类型的呼吸道问题。本研究旨在评估这些工人的肺功能状况。对该市KSTC车库工人进行了调查，并明确分为两组：（1）车库机械师和（2）运送乘客的人员（司机和售票员）。使用Spirovit-SP-10（瑞士席勒有限公司）和赖特峰值流量计（英国）对236名工人记录了肺活量（VC）、用力肺活量（FVC）和呼气峰值流速（PEFR）。计算了不同的流量容积、第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、FEV₁%以及流速，如用力呼气流量（FEF₀₂₋₁₂₁）、用力呼气中期流速（FEF₂₅₋₇₅%）等。行政人员的肺功能测试（PFT）结果高于其他类别。司机和售票员的平均PFT值几乎相等，但机械工人的略高。根据不同年龄范围和接触时长的PFT值显示，随着年龄和接触时长的增加逐渐下降。与吸烟者和已戒烟者相比，不吸烟者的肺容积更高。分别有28.4%、1.7%和2.9%的工人出现限制性、阻塞性和混合型损伤。发现售票员的限制性损伤为30.4%；司机为28.9%，机械师为27.9%，行政人员为21.7%。司机和售票员的阻塞性损伤均为2.9%。灰尘和烟雾污染可能是这些肺功能损伤的原因，其中限制性损伤更为严重。
