Lakka Hanna-Maaria, Tremblay Angelo, Després Jean-Pierre, Bouchard Claude
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808-4124, USA.
Atherosclerosis. 2004 Jan;172(1):127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.09.012.
Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were measured before and after a 58,000kcal (244MJ) negative energy balance protocol induced entirely by supervised endurance exercise over a 93-day period in seven pairs of young sedentary and healthy male monozygotic twins. The negative energy balance induced significant changes in all measures of body weight and composition except fat free mass. The mean weight loss was 5.0+/-0.6kg, and it was entirely accounted for by the loss of body fat. In response to the program, improvement in the plasma lipid profile was seen including decreases in plasma total (P=0.028) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) (P=0.004) cholesterol; total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio (P=0.002); and HDL apolipoprotein A-I concentration (P=0.062). Statistically significant within-pair resemblance was found for the changes in total and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol; total, VLDL and LDL triglycerides, and total, VLDL and LDL apolipoprotein B. The findings suggest that favorable changes in the lipid profile can be obtained through chronic negative energy balance achieved by clamping daily energy intake and adding daily moderate intensity exercise even in persons with relatively normal lipid levels at baseline. Furthermore, within-pair resemblance among twin brothers strongly suggests that genetic differences partially account for the variation in the response of lipids and lipoproteins to the negative energy balance protocol.
在7对久坐不动且健康的年轻男性同卵双胞胎中，通过在93天内完全由监督下的耐力运动诱导产生58,000千卡（244兆焦耳）的负能量平衡方案，测量了血浆脂质和脂蛋白浓度在该方案前后的变化。负能量平衡导致除去脂体重外的所有体重和身体成分测量指标发生显著变化。平均体重减轻5.0±0.6千克，且完全是由体脂减少所致。对该方案的反应显示血浆脂质谱有所改善，包括血浆总胆固醇（P = 0.028）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇（P = 0.004）降低；总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇比值（P = 0.002）；以及HDL载脂蛋白A-I浓度（P = 0.062）降低。在总胆固醇和极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）胆固醇的变化；总甘油三酯、VLDL和LDL甘油三酯；以及总载脂蛋白B、VLDL和LDL载脂蛋白B方面，发现双胞胎对内具有统计学显著的相似性。这些发现表明，即使对于基线脂质水平相对正常的人，通过限制每日能量摄入并增加每日中等强度运动实现慢性负能量平衡，也可使脂质谱发生有利变化。此外，双胞胎兄弟之间的对内相似性强烈表明，基因差异部分解释了脂质和脂蛋白对负能量平衡方案反应的变异性。
