Hanson Mark S, Edelman Robert
MedImmune, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2003 Oct;2(5):683-703. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2.5.683.
Less than 20 years elapsed between the 1982 report of the identification and isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi and the licensure and marketing in the USA of a prophylactic vaccine against this pathogen. However, the manufacturer removed the vaccine from the market under 4 years after its release. The low demand undoubtedly was the result of limited efficacy, need for frequent boosters, the high price of the vaccine, exclusion of children, fear of vaccine-induced musculoskeletal symptoms and litigation surrounding the vaccine. Second-generation polyvalent outer surface protein (Osp)C vaccines may overcome some of these concerns but the precise antigenic components required for efficacy are uncertain. The development of the next generation of Lyme disease vaccines is in its infancy.
从1982年报告鉴定和分离出伯氏疏螺旋体，到美国针对这种病原体的预防性疫苗获得许可并上市，其间间隔不到20年。然而，该疫苗上市不到4年就被制造商撤下市场。需求低迷无疑是疗效有限、需要频繁加强接种、疫苗价格高昂、儿童被排除在外、担心疫苗引发肌肉骨骼症状以及围绕该疫苗的诉讼等因素造成的。第二代多价外表面蛋白（Osp）C疫苗可能会克服其中一些问题，但疗效所需的确切抗原成分尚不确定。下一代莱姆病疫苗的研发尚处于起步阶段。
