芝加哥健康状况指标比较：黑人和白人之间的差距在扩大吗？
Comparison of health status indicators in chicago: are Black-White disparities worsening?
作者信息
Margellos Helen, Silva Abigail, Whitman Steven
机构信息
Sinai Urban Health Institute, Sinai Health System, Chicago, IL 60608-1797, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2004 Jan;94(1):116-21. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.1.116.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study examined Chicago residents' progress toward the Healthy People 2000 goal of reducing racial disparities in health and compared the results with a recent analysis of US data.
METHODS
Non-Hispanic Black-to-non-Hispanic White rate ratios were computed for 14 health status indicators for 1990 and for 1998.
RESULTS
Nationally and in Chicago, indicators for both Blacks and Whites improved between 1990 and 1998; however, Whites consistently fared better. Nationally, gaps narrowed on 10 indicators; for Chicago, they widened on 10 indicators.
CONCLUSIONS
Nationally, there is apparent progress in reducing Black-White disparities; this is not true for Chicago. Whether failure to reduce racial disparities is unique to Chicago or is common to other urban centers remains an open question with important implications.
摘要
目的
本研究调查了芝加哥居民在实现《健康人民2000》中减少健康方面种族差异目标上的进展，并将结果与近期对美国数据的分析进行了比较。
方法
计算了1990年和1998年14项健康状况指标的非西班牙裔黑人与非西班牙裔白人的比率。
结果
在全国范围内以及在芝加哥，黑人和白人的各项指标在1990年至1998年间均有所改善；然而，白人的情况始终更好。在全国范围内，10项指标的差距缩小了；在芝加哥，10项指标的差距扩大了。
结论
在全国范围内，减少黑白差异方面有明显进展；但芝加哥并非如此。未能减少种族差异是芝加哥独有的情况，还是其他城市中心也普遍存在，这仍是一个具有重要影响的悬而未决的问题。
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