Sinai Urban Health Institute, California Ave at 15th St, K443, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2010 Feb;100(2):349-56. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.165407. Epub 2009 Dec 17.
In an effort to examine national and Chicago, Illinois, progress in meeting the Healthy People 2010 goal of eliminating health disparities, we examined whether disparities between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White persons widened, narrowed, or stayed the same between 1990 and 2005.
We examined 15 health status indicators. We determined whether a disparity widened, narrowed, or remained unchanged between 1990 and 2005 by examining the percentage difference in rates between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White populations at both time points and at each location. We calculated P values to determine whether changes in percentage difference over time were statistically significant.
Disparities between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White populations widened for 6 of 15 health status indicators examined for the United States (5 significantly), whereas in Chicago the majority of disparities widened (11 of 15, 5 significantly).
Overall, progress toward meeting the Healthy People 2010 goal of eliminating health disparities in the United States and in Chicago remains bleak. With more than 15 years of time and effort spent at the national and local level to reduce disparities, the impact remains negligible.
为了检验全国和伊利诺伊州芝加哥市在实现《2010 年健康人》目标，即消除健康差异方面所取得的进展，我们考察了非裔美国人和非裔白人之间的差异在 1990 年至 2005 年间是扩大、缩小还是保持不变。
我们研究了 15 项健康状况指标。我们通过检查两个时间点和每个地点非裔美国人和非裔白人人口的比率差异的百分比来确定 1990 年至 2005 年间的差异是扩大、缩小还是保持不变。我们计算了 P 值，以确定随着时间的推移，百分比差异的变化是否具有统计学意义。
在美国，15 项健康状况指标中有 6 项（5 项具有统计学意义）显示非裔美国人和非裔白人之间的差距扩大，而在芝加哥，大多数差距都在扩大（15 项中有 11 项，5 项具有统计学意义）。
总的来说，美国和芝加哥在实现《2010 年健康人》目标，即消除健康差异方面的进展依然黯淡。在国家和地方层面已经花费了超过 15 年的时间和精力来减少差异，但效果仍然微不足道。
