Kandel Denise B, Kiros Gebre-Egziabher, Schaffran Christine, Hu Mei-Chen
Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, and the Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2004 Jan;94(1):128-35. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.1.128.
We sought to identify individual and contextual predictors of adolescent smoking initiation and progression to daily smoking by race/ethnicity.
We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to estimate the effects of individual (adolescent, family, peer) and contextual (school and state) factors on smoking onset among nonsmokers (n = 5374) and progression to daily smoking among smokers (n = 4474) with multilevel regression models.
Individual factors were more important predictors of smoking behaviors than were contextual factors. Predictors of smoking behaviors were mostly common across racial/ethnic groups.
The few identified racial/ethnic differences in predictors of smoking behavior suggest that universal prevention and intervention efforts could reach most adolescents regardless of race/ethnicity. With 2 exceptions, important contextual factors remain to be identified.
我们试图确定按种族/族裔划分的青少年吸烟起始及发展为每日吸烟的个体和环境预测因素。
我们使用来自青少年健康全国纵向研究的数据，通过多水平回归模型估计个体（青少年、家庭、同伴）和环境（学校和州）因素对非吸烟者（n = 5374）吸烟起始以及吸烟者（n = 4474）发展为每日吸烟的影响。
个体因素比环境因素更能预测吸烟行为。吸烟行为的预测因素在不同种族/族裔群体中大多是相同的。
在吸烟行为预测因素中发现的少数种族/族裔差异表明，无论种族/族裔如何，普遍的预防和干预措施都可以惠及大多数青少年。除了两个例外情况，重要的环境因素仍有待确定。
