Harrow Martin, Jobe Thomas H, Herbener Ellen S, Goldberg Joseph F, Kaplan Kalman J
Department of Psychiatry MC 912, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2004 Jan;192(1):3-11. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000105994.78952.b6.
This research was designed to provide data on whether thought disorder in schizophrenia patients is due to difficulty in holding external stimuli or the external context online in working memory. We assessed 231 early phase acute inpatients, including 68 schizophrenic patients and 38 bipolar manic patients. Patients were administered a thought disorder test that requires holding stimuli online in working memory as they respond and another in which the stimuli is in direct view of the patients throughout the test procedure. The results indicated that patients who were thought disordered on the test requiring holding the external stimuli online in memory also were more thought disordered on the test that provides full vision of the stimuli throughout the testing (p < 0.001). Thus, schizophrenia patients vulnerable to thought disorder show thought disorder regardless of whether or not they are required to hold the stimuli online in memory. Overall, the data did not support the formulation that thought disorder is primarily a consequence of failure to hold external stimuli or contextual material online in working memory. An alternate view of thought disorder is presented.
本研究旨在提供数据，以确定精神分裂症患者的思维障碍是由于在工作记忆中难以保持外部刺激或外部情境，还是由于在线处理这些信息存在困难。我们评估了231名早期急性住院患者，其中包括68名精神分裂症患者和38名双相情感障碍躁狂患者。患者接受了一项思维障碍测试，该测试要求患者在做出反应时在工作记忆中在线保持刺激，另一项测试则是在整个测试过程中让刺激直接呈现在患者眼前。结果表明，在需要在记忆中在线保持外部刺激的测试中存在思维障碍的患者，在整个测试过程中刺激完全可见的测试中也更易出现思维障碍（p < 0.001）。因此，易出现思维障碍的精神分裂症患者无论是否需要在记忆中在线保持刺激，都会出现思维障碍。总体而言，数据不支持思维障碍主要是由于在工作记忆中无法在线保持外部刺激或情境材料这一观点。本文提出了关于思维障碍的另一种观点。
