de Mora Stephen, Sheikholeslami Mohammad Reza, Wyse Eric, Azemard Sabine, Cassi Roberto
Marine Environment Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, 4 quai Antoine 1er, B.P. 800, MC 98012, Monaco.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2004 Jan;48(1-2):61-77. doi: 10.1016/S0025-326X(03)00285-6.
An assessment of marine pollution due to metals was made in the Caspian Sea based on coastal sediment collected in Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkmenistan. Despite the high carbonate content, the distribution of most metals was largely controlled by terrigenous inputs. Several metals (As, Cr, Ni) exhibited concentrations that exceed sediment quality guidelines. Such metals have a high natural background but anthropogenic activities, notably mining, may further enhance concentrations. This would explain hot spots for Cu and Zn in Azerbaijan and Iran, and Cr at the mouth of the Ural River in Kazakhstan. Contamination by Hg was observed to the south of Baku Bay, Azerbaijan. Some anomalously high concentrations of Ba in the central Caspian are probably from offshore drilling operations, but the elevated U concentrations (up to 11.1 microg g(-1)) may be natural in origin. Several metals (Ag, Cd, Pb) have relatively low levels that pose no environmental concerns.
基于在阿塞拜疆、伊朗、哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯和土库曼斯坦收集的沿海沉积物，对里海因金属造成的海洋污染进行了评估。尽管碳酸盐含量很高，但大多数金属的分布在很大程度上受陆源输入控制。几种金属（砷、铬、镍）的浓度超过了沉积物质量指南。这些金属有很高的自然背景，但人为活动，特别是采矿，可能会进一步提高其浓度。这可以解释阿塞拜疆和伊朗铜和锌的热点地区，以及哈萨克斯坦乌拉尔河口的铬热点地区。在阿塞拜疆巴库湾以南观察到汞污染。里海中部一些异常高的钡浓度可能来自海上钻井作业，但铀浓度升高（高达11.1微克/克）可能是自然来源。几种金属（银、镉、铅）含量相对较低，对环境没有影响。
