Salmon Nicholas A, Handyside Alan H, Joyce Ieuan M
School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Dev Biol. 2004 Feb 1;266(1):201-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.10.009.
In the ovarian follicle, anti-Müllerian hormone (Amh) mRNA is expressed in granulosa cells from primary to preovulatory stages but becomes restricted to cumulus cells following antrum formation. Anti-Müllerian hormone regulates follicle development by attenuating the effects of follicle stimulating hormone on follicle growth and inhibiting primordial follicle recruitment. To examine the role of the oocyte in regulating granulosa cell Amh expression in the mouse, isolated oocytes and granulosa cells were co-cultured and Amh mRNA levels were analysed by real-time RT-PCR. Expression in freshly isolated granulosa cells increased with preantral follicle development but was low in the cumulus and virtually absent in the mural granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles. When preantral granulosa cells were co-cultured with oocytes from early preantral, late preantral or preovulatory follicles, and when oocytes from preovulatory follicles were co-cultured with cumulus granulosa cells, Amh expression was increased at least 2-fold compared with granulosa cells cultured alone. With oocytes from preantral but not preovulatory follicles, this was a short-range effect only observed with granulosa cells in close apposition to oocytes. We conclude that stage-specific oocyte regulation of Amh expression may play a role in intra- and inter-follicular coordination of follicle development.
在卵巢卵泡中，抗苗勒管激素（Amh）mRNA在从初级卵泡到排卵前阶段的颗粒细胞中表达，但在卵泡腔形成后局限于卵丘细胞。抗苗勒管激素通过减弱促卵泡激素对卵泡生长的作用和抑制原始卵泡募集来调节卵泡发育。为了研究卵母细胞在调节小鼠颗粒细胞Amh表达中的作用，将分离的卵母细胞和颗粒细胞进行共培养，并通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应分析Amh mRNA水平。新鲜分离的颗粒细胞中的表达随着窦前卵泡的发育而增加，但在卵丘中较低，在排卵前卵泡的壁层颗粒细胞中几乎不存在。当窦前颗粒细胞与来自早期窦前、晚期窦前或排卵前卵泡的卵母细胞共培养时，以及当排卵前卵泡的卵母细胞与卵丘颗粒细胞共培养时，与单独培养的颗粒细胞相比，Amh表达增加了至少2倍。对于来自窦前但不是排卵前卵泡的卵母细胞，这是一种仅在与卵母细胞紧密相邻的颗粒细胞中观察到的短程效应。我们得出结论，Amh表达的阶段特异性卵母细胞调节可能在卵泡发育的卵泡内和卵泡间协调中起作用。
