Sipetić Sandra, Vlajinac Hristina, Kocev Nikola, Radmanović Slobodan
Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Ann Epidemiol. 2003 Oct;13(9):645-51. doi: 10.1016/S1047-2797(03)00065-6.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether individual infections or combination of infections or vaccination affect the risk of developing diabetes in childhood.
A case-control study was conducted in Belgrade during the period between 1994 and 1997. A total of 105 recent onset diabetics were compared with 210 controls chosen among children with skin disease (the first control group). Cases and controls were individually matched by age (+/-1 year), sex, and place of residence. Eighty-six diabetic children were also compared with their brothers/sisters (the second control group).
After adjustment for confounding variables, independent association with diabetes was found for infections during the 6 months preceding the onset of the disease, when cases were compared with both the first control group (OR=4.23, 95% CI, 1.95-9.17, p<0.001) and the second control group (OR=4.68, 95% CI, 2.09-10.47, p<0.001), and for regular vaccination when cases were compared with the first control group (OR=0.08, 95% CI, 0.01-0.50, p=0.03).
The results obtained support the hypotheses that infections play a role in the development of type 1 diabetes and that regular vaccination has a preventive effect.
本研究旨在调查个体感染、混合感染或疫苗接种是否会影响儿童患糖尿病的风险。
1994年至1997年期间在贝尔格莱德进行了一项病例对照研究。共将105名近期发病的糖尿病患者与210名从皮肤病患儿中挑选出的对照者（第一对照组）进行比较。病例和对照者按年龄（±1岁）、性别和居住地进行个体匹配。还将86名糖尿病患儿与其兄弟姐妹进行了比较（第二对照组）。
在对混杂变量进行调整后，当将病例与第一对照组（比值比=4.23，95%可信区间，1.95 - 9.17，p<0.001）和第二对照组（比值比=4.68，95%可信区间，2.09 - 10.47，p<0.001）进行比较时，发现疾病发作前6个月内的感染与糖尿病存在独立关联；当将病例与第一对照组进行比较时，发现常规疫苗接种与糖尿病存在独立关联（比值比=0.08，95%可信区间，0.01 - 0.50，p = 0.03）。
所得结果支持以下假设，即感染在1型糖尿病的发生中起作用，且常规疫苗接种具有预防作用。
