Virtanen S M, Räsänen L, Aro A, Ylönen K, Lounamaa R, Tuomilehto J, Akerblom H K
Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, Children's Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Diabet Med. 1992 Nov;9(9):815-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1992.tb01899.x.
In a case-control design the feeding in infancy of newly diagnosed 7- to 14-year-old diabetic children (n = 426) was compared with that of age- and sex-matched non-diabetic children (n = 426) randomly selected from the Finnish population registry. All 7- to 14-year-old diabetic children diagnosed from September 1986 to the end of April 1989 from all hospitals which treat diabetic children in Finland were invited to participate in the study. Breast-feeding was initiated in almost all children, but during the birth years of this study population (1972-1982), an increase was observed in the duration of breast-feeding (whether alone or in combination with supplementary feeding) and in the age of introduction of supplementary milk feeding. The risk of Type 1 diabetes was decreased in the children who were totally breast-fed for at least 2 months (odds ratio (OR) 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42-0.98) or 3 months (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.48-0.95) or exclusively breast-fed for at least 2 months (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.41-0.89) or 3 months (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.43-0.93). Those children who were younger than 2 months (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.08-2.18) or 3 months (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.11-2.08) at the time when supplementary milk feeding was begun had an increased risk of Type 1 diabetes. These associations remained significant after adjusting for the mother's education. The results suggest that early infant feeding patterns are associated with the risk of Type 1 diabetes developing at the age of 7 to 14 years.
在一项病例对照研究中，将新诊断出的7至14岁糖尿病儿童（n = 426）在婴儿期的喂养情况与从芬兰人口登记处随机选取的年龄和性别匹配的非糖尿病儿童（n = 426）进行了比较。邀请了1986年9月至1989年4月底期间芬兰所有治疗糖尿病儿童的医院诊断出的所有7至14岁糖尿病儿童参与该研究。几乎所有儿童都开始了母乳喂养，但在本研究人群的出生年份（1972 - 1982年），母乳喂养的持续时间（无论是单独母乳喂养还是与补充喂养相结合）以及引入补充奶类喂养的年龄都有所增加。完全母乳喂养至少2个月（比值比（OR）0.64，95%置信区间（CI）0.42 - 0.98）或3个月（OR 0.67，95% CI 0.48 - 0.95）或纯母乳喂养至少2个月（OR 0.60，95% CI 0.41 - 0.89）或3个月（OR 0.63，95% CI 0.43 - 0.93）的儿童患1型糖尿病的风险降低。在开始补充奶类喂养时年龄小于2个月（OR 1.54，95% CI 1.08 - 2.18）或3个月（OR 1.52，95% CI 1.11 - 2.08）的儿童患1型糖尿病的风险增加。在对母亲的教育程度进行调整后，这些关联仍然显著。结果表明，婴儿早期喂养模式与7至14岁时患1型糖尿病的风险相关。
