Meloni T, Marinaro A M, Mannazzu M C, Ogana A, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Colombo C
Istituto di Clinica Pediatrica e Neonatologica, University of Sassar, Italy.
Diabetes Care. 1997 Mar;20(3):340-2. doi: 10.2337/diacare.20.3.340.
To further investigate the association between the type of feeding in infancy and the development of IDDM.
We have carried out a case-control study in the area of Sassari (northern Sardinia, Italy), which is characterized by an ethnically homogenous population at high risk of IDDM. The study subjects comprised 100 IDDM patients and 100 control subjects, matched for sex and age and selected from children admitted at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Sassari. Diabetic children (53 boys, 47 girls) had been diagnosed between 1983 and 1994, and their age at diagnosis ranged between 1 and 15 years. Information on feeding patterns during the 1st year of life was collected through questionnaires administered to the mothers. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the duration of complete or partial breast-feeding and the age at which dietary products containing cow's milk were introduced into the diet.
A larger proportion of the diabetic children rather than the control children had been breast-fed, and the risk of IDDM among children who had not been breast-fed was below unity (odds ratio [OR] 0.41; 95% CI 0.19-0.91). No clear difference was observed between diabetic and control subjects in the duration of breast-feeding (medians: 3 and 2 months, respectively), even if, overall, the data suggested a slight increase in the risk of IDDM with longer duration of breast-feeding (OR 1.10; 95% CI 0.99-1.22 per month). Although a larger proportion of control children rather than diabetic children had been given cow's milk-derived formula and solid food before the age of 3 months, there was no time-risk relationship.
Our data do not support the existence of a protective effect of breast-feeding on the risk of IDDM, nor do the data indicate that early exposure to cow's milk and dairy products has any influence on the development of IDDM in a high-risk population.
进一步研究婴儿喂养方式与胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）发病之间的关联。
我们在意大利撒丁岛北部的萨萨里地区开展了一项病例对照研究，该地区人群种族单一，患IDDM风险较高。研究对象包括100例IDDM患者和100例对照者，按性别和年龄匹配，选自萨萨里大学儿科收治的儿童。糖尿病患儿（53名男孩，47名女孩）于1983年至1994年间被确诊，确诊时年龄在1至15岁之间。通过向母亲发放问卷收集出生后第1年的喂养模式信息。该问卷旨在评估完全或部分母乳喂养的持续时间以及引入含牛奶饮食产品的年龄。
糖尿病患儿中母乳喂养的比例高于对照儿童，未进行母乳喂养的儿童患IDDM的风险低于1（优势比[OR]0.41；95%可信区间0.19 - 0.91）。糖尿病患者和对照者在母乳喂养持续时间上未观察到明显差异（中位数分别为3个月和2个月），尽管总体数据显示母乳喂养持续时间越长，患IDDM的风险略有增加（每月OR 1.10；95%可信区间0.99 - 1.22）。虽然3个月前给予牛奶配方奶粉和固体食物的对照儿童比例高于糖尿病儿童，但不存在时间 - 风险关系。
我们的数据不支持母乳喂养对IDDM风险有保护作用的观点，也未表明早期接触牛奶和奶制品对高危人群IDDM的发病有任何影响。
