Qian Xu, Tang Shenglan, Garner Paul
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Medical Center of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2004 Jan 22;4(1):1. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-4-1.
Until recently, premarital examination for both men and women was a legal requirement before marriage in China. Researchers have carried out surveys of attendees' sexual activity, pregnancy and abortion before their marriages, trying to map out reproductive health needs in China, according to this unique population-based data. To systematically identify, appraise and summarise all available studies documenting pregnancy and induced abortion among unmarried Chinese women attending premarital examinations.
We searched the Chinese Biomedical Literature Index from 1978 to 2002; PUBMED; and EMBASE. Trials were assessed and data extracted by two people independently.
Nine studies, of which seven were conducted in the urban areas, one in the rural areas, and one in both urban and rural areas, met the inclusion criteria. In the seven studies in urban areas, the majority of unmarried women had experienced sexual intercourse, with estimates ranging from 54% to 82% in five studies. Estimates of a previous pregnancy ranged from 12% to 32%. Abortion rates were high, ranging between 11 to 55% in 8 studies reporting this, which exclude the one rural study. In the three studies reporting both pregnancy and abortion, most women who had become pregnant had an induced abortion (range 86% to 96%). One large rural study documented a lower low pregnancy rate (20%) and induced abortion rate (0.8%).
There is a large unmet need for temporary methods of contraception in urban areas of China.
直到最近，在中国婚前男女双方进行婚前检查还是一项法律要求。研究人员针对这一独特的基于人群的数据，对婚前检查参与者婚前的性行为、怀孕及流产情况展开了调查，试图梳理出中国的生殖健康需求。旨在系统地识别、评估和总结所有记录未婚中国女性在婚前检查中怀孕及人工流产情况的现有研究。
我们检索了1978年至2002年的中国生物医学文献索引、PubMed及Embase。由两人独立评估试验并提取数据。
9项研究符合纳入标准，其中7项在城市地区开展，1项在农村地区开展，1项在城乡地区均开展。在城市地区的7项研究中，大多数未婚女性有过性行为，5项研究中的估计比例在54%至82%之间。既往怀孕的估计比例在12%至32%之间。流产率较高，在8项报告此数据的研究（不包括那项农村研究）中，流产率在11%至55%之间。在3项同时报告怀孕和流产情况的研究中，大多数怀孕女性进行了人工流产（比例范围为86%至96%）。一项大型农村研究记录的怀孕率（20%）和人工流产率（0.8%）较低。
中国城市地区对临时避孕方法存在大量未满足的需求。
