Anderson Debra Gay
College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
AAOHN J. 2004 Jan;52(1):23-7.
Almost 2 million workdays and millions of dollars are lost annually because of non-fatal assaults suffered at the workplace (NIOSH, 1996). Twenty workers, on average, are murdered each week in the United States and an estimated 18,000 workers per week are victims of non-fatal assault (NIOSH, 2001). Violence and stress are two interrelated issues that affect the work force. In-depth studies of these issues have not been conducted with long haul truckers in general, or with women in non-traditional, male dominated fields such as the long haul trucking industry. Epidemiological data related to violence and stress experienced by these under-studied populations are needed to plan effective interventions to reduce occupational risks. Studies employing both qualitative and quantitative methods are needed to articulate risk and protective factors related to violence against workers (Runyan, 2001). Occupational health nurses are qualified to participate in the development and implementation of research and intervention studies to improve worker safety related to violence at the workplace for men and women in both traditional and non-traditional occupational roles.
由于工作场所发生的非致命袭击事件，每年损失近200万个工作日和数百万美元（美国国家职业安全与健康研究所，1996年）。在美国，平均每周有20名工人被谋杀，估计每周有18000名工人成为非致命袭击的受害者（美国国家职业安全与健康研究所，2001年）。暴力和压力是影响劳动力的两个相互关联的问题。总体而言，尚未对长途卡车司机，或对非传统、男性主导领域（如长途运输行业）的女性进行过关于这些问题的深入研究。需要有关这些研究不足人群所经历的暴力和压力的流行病学数据，以规划有效的干预措施来降低职业风险。需要采用定性和定量方法的研究来阐明与针对工人的暴力行为相关的风险和保护因素（鲁尼恩，2001年）。职业健康护士有资格参与研究和干预研究的开发与实施，以改善传统和非传统职业角色中的男性和女性在工作场所与暴力相关的工人安全。
