Segalés Joaquim, Domingo Mariano, Chianini Francesca, Majó Natàlia, Domínguez Javier, Darwich Laila, Mateu Enric
Departament de Sanitat i d'Anatomia Animals, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Vet Microbiol. 2004 Feb 4;98(2):151-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.10.007.
The present review concentrates on the clinical, pathological and immunological aspects of pigs suffering from PMWS which strongly suggest that PCV2 may be, in particular conditions, a cause of secondary immunodeficiency in pigs. From a clinical point of view, the lack of antibiotic therapy response against the disease, the existence of a litter effect and the concurrence of other disease syndromes and well-known secondary pathogens, such as Pneumocystis carinii, Chlamydia spp. and Aspergillus spp., may account as features of immunosuppression in PMWS. Furthermore, pathologic, immunohistologic and flow cytometric studies also suggest that pigs with PMWS may be immunosuppressed. Lymphocyte depletion of follicular and interfollicular areas together with macrophage infiltration of lymphoid tissues is a unique lesion, which is the basic feature of PMWS affected pigs. These findings are highly correlated with the decrease of circulating B- and T-cells and the diminution of these cell types in lymphoid organs, and with the increase of macrophage/monocytes lineage cells both in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues in both naturally and experimentally PMWS affected pigs. The altered populations of cells participating in the immune system response both in blood and tissues suggests, at least in those severely PMWS affected pigs, a transient inability of diseased pigs to mount an effective immune response. From these points of view, strong suspicions on the immunosuppressive status of PMWS affected pigs do exist; however, future studies are needed to characterise the exact role of PCV2 on the immune system of pigs affected with PMWS.
本综述聚焦于患有断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征（PMWS）的猪的临床、病理和免疫学方面，这些方面有力地表明，在特定条件下，猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）可能是猪继发性免疫缺陷的一个病因。从临床角度来看，针对该疾病的抗生素治疗缺乏效果、存在窝效应以及并发其他疾病综合征和知名的继发性病原体，如卡氏肺孢子虫、衣原体属和曲霉菌属，可能是PMWS免疫抑制的特征。此外，病理、免疫组织化学和流式细胞术研究也表明，患有PMWS的猪可能存在免疫抑制。滤泡和滤泡间区域的淋巴细胞耗竭以及淋巴组织中的巨噬细胞浸润是一种独特的病变，这是受PMWS影响的猪的基本特征。这些发现与循环B细胞和T细胞的减少以及淋巴器官中这些细胞类型的减少高度相关，并且与自然感染和实验感染PMWS的猪的外周血和淋巴组织中巨噬细胞/单核细胞系细胞的增加相关。血液和组织中参与免疫系统反应的细胞群体发生改变，这表明至少在那些受PMWS严重影响的猪中，患病猪暂时无法产生有效的免疫反应。从这些角度来看，确实强烈怀疑受PMWS影响的猪的免疫抑制状态；然而，需要未来的研究来确定PCV2在受PMWS影响的猪的免疫系统中的确切作用。
